Enquanto isso, em Sichuan...

Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Volume 3, Issue 4, November 2010, Pages 205-219
Effects of martial arts on health status: A systematic review
Bu, B.a b , Haijun, H.d , Yong, L.d , Chaohui, Z.b , Xiaoyuan, Y.a , Singh, M.F.c
a Department of Sports Medicine, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
b Institute of Sports Science, Institute of Public Health and Social Development, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
c The School of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Science, The University of Sydney, NSW 21413, Australia
Abstract
Objective: To systematically summarize the evidence for the effects of martial arts on health and fitness, to show the strengths of different types of martial arts, and to get a more complete picture of the impacts of martial arts on health, and also to provide a basis for future research on martial arts as an exercise prescription in exercise therapy. Method: We searched for "martial arts" "health" and "random" in eight databases (n = 5432). Randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials on the health effects of martial arts were included in the study. Results: The final analysis included 28 papers (one general martial arts, one kung fu, sixteen tai chi, six judo, three karate, and one taekwondo). Among the disciplines of martial arts, tai chi was the most well-studied, followed by judo, karate, and taekwondo. Research topics varied widely, and included health, injuries, competition, morals and psychology, and herbal medicine. Most found positive effects on health. Tai chi is no-contact, low-impact, soft body and mindfulness exercise, which has been widely adopted by elderly people and proven to be a beneficial health promotion exercise. Research on judo, karate, and taekwondo mainly focused on improvements to athletes' competitive abilities, rather than on health effects. We did not find any published randomized controlled trials or controlled clinical trials on aikido, kendo, sumo, kyudo, qi gong, or other disciplines. Discussion and Conclusion: Since martial arts are widely practiced, their effects on physiology, morphology, immunology, and neurology should be further studied in order to help people to select the best discipline or style to accomplish their purposes. This necessitates categorizing and classifying the disciplines and styles according to their effects on different body systems and levels of contact, as well as standardizing evaluation criteria for martial arts. Martial arts as an exercise prescription can then move from an experience-based to an evidence-based treatment.

Artigo sobre os efeitos de exercícios básicos de karate sobre o consumo máximo de oxigênio

Effects of Basic Karate Exercises on Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Sedentary Collegiate Women

Author(s): Yoshimura Y (Yoshimura, Yoshitaka)2, Imamura H (Imamura, Hiroyuki)1
JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE Volume: 56 Issue: 6 Pages: 721-726 Published: DEC 2010
Abstract: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the chronic effects of practicing 30 min of basic karate exercises (BKEs) for 10 weeks on maximal oxygen uptake VO2max) in sedentary collegiate women who had no previous karate experience. The secondary purpose of this study was to investigate physiological responses and intensities of BKEs to examine the intensity of exercise. Nine women practiced 30 min of BKEs, 4 days.week(-1), for 10 weeks. The six other women acted as controls. The 30 min of BKEs consisted of 9 min of stationary basics in a parallel stance (S-Basics I), 12 min of stationary basics in a front stance (S-Basics II), and 9 min of movement basics in the front stance (M-Basics). For S-Basics I, the mean percent of maximum VO-2 reserve (%VO2R) was much lower than the accepted threshold, while the mean percent of maximum heart rate reserve (%HRR) was slightly lower than the accepted threshold for increasing VO2max, i.e., 40% of VO2R or HRR. For S-Basics II, the mean VO2R was marginal, while the mean %HRR was above the accepted threshold for increasing VO2max. The mean %VO2R and % HRR for M-Basics were above the threshold for increasing VO2max. VO2max in both l.min(-1) and ml.kg(-1).min(-1) in the experimental group significantly increased at the end of the 10 weeks of training (from 1.80 +/- 0.30 to 2.00 +/- 0.34 l.min(-1) and 32.3 +/- 4.1 to 36.0 +/- 4.4 ml.kg(-1).min(-1), respectively), while neither value changed significantly in the control group. In conclusion, 30 min of BKEs can reach the minimal threshold level to increase cardiovascular fitness and can improve cardiovascular fitness in sedentary women.

Cronograma de reuniões - 1o semestre de 2011

Local: Sala 58
18/02 – reunião inicial (excepcionalmente às 14h). Apresentação: Emerson Franchini
04/03 – Projeto de Doutorado da Bianca Miarka (leitura básica: sua dissertação de mestrado, disponível online no banco de teses da USP e em um dos posts do blog)
18/03 – Aspectos básicos da redação de artigos acadêmicos. Profa. Ms. Cássia Regina Palermo Moreira
01/04 – Testes e procedimentos comumente utilizados pelo grupo: aspectos básicos (Ursula e Valéria); Leitura básica: Franchini, E.; Takito, M.Y.; Vecchio, F.B.D. Proposição de avaliação física para atletas de judô. In: Franchini, E. Judô: desempenho competitivo. Barueri: Editora Manole, 2ª edição, 2010. p.369-382.
15/04 – Pesquisa em Educação Física e Esporte. Prof. Dr. Go Tani. Leitura básica: Tani, G. Cinesiologia, educação física e esporte: ordem emanente do caos na estrutura acadêmica. Motus Corporis (UGF), Rio de Janeiro, v. 3, n. 2, p. 9-49, 1996.
29/04 – Experiência de preparação física da equipe de judô do FTC/Bahia em 2010 – Marcos Antonio Lopes. Literatura básica: textos publicados pelo convidado no Boletim Osotogari e Franchini, E.; Vecchio, F.B.D. Preparação física para atletas de judô. São Paulo: Phorte, 2008.
13/05 - Testes e procedimentos comumente utilizados pelo grupo: aplicação dos testes (Ursula e Valéria); Leitura básica: Franchini, E.; Takito, M.Y.; Vecchio, F.B.D. Proposição de avaliação física para atletas de judô. In: Franchini, E. Judô: desempenho competitivo. Barueri: Editora Manole, 2ª edição, 2010. p.369-382.
27/05 – Discussão sobre o 2011 Scientific Congress on Martial Arts and Combat Sports. Emerson Franchini
10/06 – Respostas fisiológicas durante competições de modalidades esportivas de domínio. Leonardo Vidal. Leituras básicas: Barbas,I. et al. Physiological and performance adaptations of elite Greco-Roman wrestlers during a one-day tournament. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2010. Epub ahead of print.; Kraemer, W.J. Physiological and performance responses to tournament wrestling. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, v.33, n.8, p.1367-1378, 2001.
17/06 – Encerramento. Emerson Franchini

Periódico de história do esporte traz artigo sobre boxe na África do Sul

Int J Hist Sport. 2011;28(1):47-62.


'Now the African reigns supreme': The rise of African boxing on the Witwatersrand, 1924-1959.
Fleming T.

Columbus State University, GA.

Abstract

This essay explores the growth of boxing among the African populations on the Witwatersrand region of South Africa between 1924 and 1959. It details how the sport's jump in popularity with Africans paralleled migration to Johannesburg. Africans increasingly saw boxing as an activity and skill conducive with survival in this new environment, and thus the sport grew in popularity, stature, and skill-level amongst this emergent urban population. The essay further explores the various ways that the sport was disseminated and popularized during the era, thus detailing how the sport reached both the African masses and petit-bourgeois educated elite. As their presence in Johannesburg became more and more permanent, boxing came to encompass various meanings and ideals, such as notions of discipline, independence and civility, to these urban populations.

Livros oficiais dos Jogos Olímpicos

As edições oficiais dos livros dos Jogos Olímpicos estão disponíveis no site do Museu Olímpico de Lausane. Exemplo abaixo enviado pelo Mazzei:
http://olympic-museum.de/o-reports/report1964.htm

Outro site interessante, com artigos e livros gratuitos, é o http://www.aafla.org/
Nele existem diversos materiais importantes e interessantes vinculados ao esporte, em geral, e às L/AM/MEC em particular.

Compilação de situações em que a queda é evitada no judô

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fu_oLMJarWY&feature=player_embedded

IJF apresenta simulação do sistema de classificação olímpica

http://217.79.182.227/www.judo-world.net/_ranking/tta_qualification.php?nation_field=&action=Show

Para não precisar das vagas continentais, os atletas estariam nos Jogos Olímpicos com 224 a 280 pontos e as atletas precisariam de 290 a 428 pontos, dependendo da categoria. Portanto, caso essa média de pontos seja mantida (o que deve acontecer) e a menos que haja um outro atleta do mesmo país melhor posicionado, um título de Grand Slam e um de World Cup no ano final de classificação será suficiente para participar dos Jogos Olímpicos na maior parte das categorias.