Perfil antropométrico de judocas espanholes de diferentes faixas etárias

Anthropometrical profile of elite Spanish judoka: comparative analysis among ages

Emerson Franchini 1, Jesús F. Rodríguez-Huertas 2, Stanislaw Sterkowicz 3, Vicente Carratalá 4, Carlos Gutiérrez-García 5, Raquel Escobar-Molina 6

1 - School of Physical Education. Sport Martial Arts and Combat Sports Research Group. University of São Paulo, Brazil

2 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physiology. University of Granada, Spain

3 - Department of Theory and Methodology of Combat Sports. University School of Physical Education in Krakow, Poland

4 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physical Education and Sports. University of Valencia, Spain

5 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physical Education and Sports. University of León, Spain

6 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physical Education and Sports. University of Granada, Spain

Arch Budo 2011; 7(4):

Manuscript ID: 882107

Article type: Original article

Background and Study Aim: Judo athletes usually try to maximize muscle mass and to minimize adiposity in each weight category, but few studies focused on comparisons of different age categories and little is known about sexual dimorphism among judo athletes. The aim of the study was to compare anthropometrical variables in male and female judoka from Spanish National Teams.
Material and Methods: Eighty-seven national level Spanish judoka from all seven weight categories took part in this study: females (n = 46) – cadet (n = 16), junior (n = 12) and senior (n = 18); males (n = 44) – cadet (n = 18), junior (n = 15) and senior (n = 8). Body mass, height, skinfold thickness, circumferences and breadth anthropometric measurements were carried out. Somatotype components, body mass index, body fat and muscle mass were also estimated. A two way (gender and age groups) analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to compare groups.
Results: (1) males were heavier, taller, had lower body fat and higher muscle mass absolute and relative values, circumferences and bone diameters, lower endomorphic and higher mesomorphic components than females; (2) for skinfold thickness males presented lower values in limbs’ sites than females, but no difference was found in trunk skinfold thicknesses; (3) few differences were found among age categories, with cadets presenting smaller flexed arm circumference and humerus epicondyle bone breadth compared to junior and seniors, and lower absolute muscle mass compared to seniors; (4) tendency for reducing sexual dimorphism in some anthropological dimensions and in endomorphic and mesomorphic components was observed across age categories.
Conclusions: Morphologically high level cadet judo athletes are quite similar to older athletes and coaches can select them from these ages. These data can be used as reference to coaches and physical conditioning professionals.

Impacto imunológico de competição de TKD (dica do Fabrício)

Int J Sports Med. 2011 Nov 23. [Epub ahead of print]


Immunological Impact of Taekwondo Competitions.

Lee YW, Shin KW, Paik IY, Jung WM, Cho SY, Choi ST, Kim HD, Kim JY.

Department of Internal Medicine.

Abstract

Immunological changes in elite adolescent female athletes during Taekwondo competitions were investigated on-field. 6 female athletes (16.7±0.8 year-old) volunteered and performed 5 bouts of demonstration Taekwondo competitions simulating real tournaments in intensity, duration, and break-time intervals on the same day. Blood samples were taken before, after the competitions and during the recovery, respectively. Immunological changes and oxidative stress in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were evaluated by flow-cytometry. During the competitions, exercise intensity was 92.2±3.8% (86.1~95.7) of the maximal heart rate. Blood lactate increased immediately after the competitions (p=0.0165) and decreased to baseline during recovery. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the peripheral blood increased continuously during recovery (p<0.05, respectively). Natural killer cells increased immediately after the competitions (p=0.0006), and decreased during recovery. B and T cells increased immediately after the competitions and remained elevated throughout recovery (p<0.05, respectively). CD4/CD8 ratio after the competitions was decreased (p=0.0091) and returned to baseline during recovery. These results suggest that the immunological function of the elite female adolescent athletes could be attenuated after Taekwondo competitions. Further large-scaled Taekwondo studies on immunologic and apoptotic changes related to oxidative stress should be performed for improving and protecting the health of adolescent athletes.

Suplementação e recuperação de atletas de luta olímpica

J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2011 Nov 22;8(1):21. [Epub ahead of print]


Effects of carbohydrate, branched-chain amino acids, and arginine in recovery period on the subsequent performance in wrestlers.

Jang TR, Wu CL, Chang CM, Hung W, Fang SH, Chang CK.

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Many athletes need to participate in multiple events in a single day. The efficient post-exercise glycogen recovery may be critical for the performance in subsequent exercise. This study examined whether post-exercise carbohydrate supplementation could restore the performance in the subsequent simulated wrestling match. The effect of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on glucose disposal and performance was also investigated. Nine well-trained male wrestlers participated in 3 trials in a random order. Each trial contained 3 matches with a 1-hr rest between match 1 and 2, and a 2-hr rest between match 2 and 3. Each match contained 3 exercise periods interspersed with 1-min rests. The subjects alternated 10-s all-out sprints and 20-s rests in each exercise period. At the end of match 2, 3 different supplementations were consumed: 1.2 g/kg glucose (CHO trial), 1 g/kg glucose + 0.1 g/kg Arg + 0.1 g/kg BCAA (CHO+AA trial), or water (placebo trial). The peak and average power in the 3 matches was similar in the 3 trials. After the supplementation, CHO and CHO+AA trial showed significantly higher glucose and insulin, and lower glycerol and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations than the placebo trial. There was no significant difference in these biochemical parameters between the CHO and CHO+AA trials. Supplementation of carbohydrate with or without BCAA and arginine during the post-match period had no effect on the performance in the following simulated match in wrestlers. In addition, BCAA and arginine did not provide additional insulinemic effect.

Taekwondo, organização sensorial e equilíbrio em crianças com problemas coordenativos

Res Dev Disabil. 2012 Jan;33(1):85-95. Epub 2011 Oct 4.


Taekwondo training improves sensory organization and balance control in children with developmental coordination disorder: A randomized controlled trial.

Fong SS, Tsang WW, Ng GY.

SourceDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.



Abstract

Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have poorer postural control and are more susceptible to falls and injuries than their healthy counterparts. Sports training may improve sensory organization and balance ability in this population. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three months of Taekwondo (TKD) training on the sensory organization and standing balance of children with DCD. It is a randomized controlled trial. Forty-four children with DCD (mean age: 7.6±1.3 years) and 18 typically developing children (mean age: 7.2±1.0 years) participated in the study. Twenty-one children with DCD were randomly selected to undergo daily TKD training for three months (1h per day). Twenty-three children with DCD and 18 typically developing children received no training as controls. Sensory organization and standing balance were evaluated using a sensory organization test (SOT) and unilateral stance test (UST), respectively. Repeated measures MANCOVA showed a significant group by time interaction effect. Post hoc analysis demonstrated that improvements in the vestibular ratio (p=0.003) and UST sway velocity (p=0.007) were significantly greater in the DCD-TKD group than in the DCD-control group. There was no significant difference in the average vestibular ratio or UST sway velocity between the DCD-TKD and normal-control group after three months of TKD training (p>0.05). No change was found in the somatosensory ratio after TKD training (p>0.05). Significant improvements in visual ratios, vestibular ratios, SOT composite scores and UST sway velocities were also observed in the DCD-TKD group after training (p≤0.01). Three months of daily TKD training can improve sensory organization and standing balance for children with DCD. Clinicians can suggest TKD as a therapeutic leisure activity for this population.

Edição do Strength and Conditioning Journal é dedicada às modalidades esportivas de combate

Dica do Fabrício:
http://journals.lww.com/nsca-scj/pages/currenttoc.aspx

A Bianca pode encontrar explicação para sua mudança de modalidade em um dos artigos hahahahaha

Antropometria e capacidade física de atletas juvenis de judô

BODY BUILD AND BODY COMPOSITION VS. PHYSICAL CAPACITY IN YOUNG JUDO CONTESTANTS COMPARED TO UNTRAINED SUBJECTS


AUTHORS: Sterkowicz S.1, Lech G.1, Pałka T.2, Tyka A.2, Sterkowicz-Przybycień K.L.3, Szyguła Z.2, Kłys A.1

1Department of Theory and Methodology of Combat Sports, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland

2Institute of Human Physiology, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland

3Department of Theory and Methodology of Gymnastics, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to (1) find differences in body build and aerobic and anaerobic capacity between young judoists and untrained peers; (2) compare correlations for indicators of body build with indicators of aerobic and anaerobic capacity among the group of trained and untrained subjects. The study group comprised 18 subjects selected during a competitive period, who had taken at least fifth place in national judo tournaments. Their training experience ranged from 6 to 11 years, 8 to 10 hours a week. The control group was composed of 18 untrained students from one of the schools included in the study. Their body height and mass (BM) did not differ compared to judoists. A body composition chart was employed for analysis of body build and body composition. Physiological investigations encompassed measurements of anaerobic (Wingate test) and aerobic (graded exercise test on cycle ergometer) capacity. Judo contestants are typically characterized by higher BMI, fat-free mass and fat-free mass index compared to the untrained. Compared to the group of untrained peers, young athletes in this sport are distinguished by the time needed to generate peak power. This difference is not observed in the indices characterising aerobic capacity. The level of the indices of body build and composition in young judo contestants shows a moderate and strong correlation with indices of anaerobic and aerobic capacity. The amount of total work in the Wingate test was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.65, p<0.01), fat-free mass index (r=0.63, p<0.01), body mass (r=0.49, p<0.05), fat mass index (r=0.49, p<0.05) and percentage of fat (r=0.48, p<0.05). Maximal peak anaerobic power was positively correlated with fat-free mass index (r=0.48, p<0.05) and percentage of fat (r=0.50, p<0.05). A strong negative correlation between ·VO2max with body mass (r=-0.75, p<0.001), BMI (r=-0.72, p<0.001), moderate correlation with PF% (r=-0.64, p<0.01), fat-free mass index (r=-0.52, p<0.05), and fat mass index (-0.67, p<0.01) were observed. Heart rate at the anaerobic threshold (%HRmax) showed positive relationships with fat-free mass index (r=0.52, p<0.05). In the untrained subjects, only a negative relationship between BM and TOPP was observed (r=-0.48, p<0.05). These findings confirm interrelations between structural and functional parameters, developed through many years of training. Although physical capacity might affect the course of a fight, it should be considered in coaching practice only in conjunction with the level of technical and tactical preparation, which determines the result of the fight.
http://biolsport.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=965486

Acontece menos do que seria esperado?

J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Nov 10. [Epub ahead of print]

Exertional Rhabdomyolysis in an Adolescent Athlete During Preseason Conditioning: A Perfect Storm.
Cleary MA, Sadowski KA, Lee SY, Miller GL, Nichols AW.
1Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, Human Performance Research Laboratory, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii; 2Department of Athletics, Bonner Physical Therapy/Sandpoint High School, Sandpoint, Idaho; 3Department of Athletics, Hawaii Baptist Academy, Honolulu, Hawaii; 4Department of Athletics, Castle High School, Kaneohe, Hawaii; and 5Division of Sports Medicine, Family Medicine and Community Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.


Abstract
Cleary, MA, Sadowski, KA, Lee, SY-C, Miller, GL, and Nichols, AW. Exertional rhabdomyolysis in an adolescent athlete during preseason conditioning: a perfect storm. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-The purpose of this brief review is to present a case of a healthy, male adolescent athlete (age = 16 years, body mass = 67.9 kg, height = 165.5 cm) who participated in a 3-day preseason wrestling camp which resulted in hospitalization for exertional rhabdomyolysis. As part of the preseason conditioning program directed by the coaches, the athlete completed 60 minutes of short, intense intervals of wall-sits, squats, sit-ups, push-ups, lunges, and plyometric jumps. The following day, the athlete continued his vigorous training consisting of running drills. That night he noticed voiding dark brown urine the color of cola. The day after the camp ended, the athlete reported to his Athletic Trainers with the chief complaint of severe bilateral leg pain in his quadriceps. Two days after the initial assessment, he was admitted to the hospital where he was diagnosed with exertional rhabdomyolysis based on creatine kinase (CK) levels that peaked at 146,000 IU·L, elevated far beyond normal (normal range = 58-280 IU·L). The athlete was hospitalized for 6 days where he received intravenous normal saline for rehydration, and his CK levels were assessed daily. Athletic Trainers, personal trainers, physical education teachers, and coaches should be aware that exertional rhabdomyolysis is the most common form of rhabdomyolysis and affects individuals who participate in novel and intense exercise to which they are unaccustomed. Stressful ambient conditions may lead to dehydration and exacerbation of the condition, particularly when the individual is not accustomed to the exercise intensity.