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sábado, 31 de dezembro de 2011
quinta-feira, 29 de dezembro de 2011
quinta-feira, 22 de dezembro de 2011
quarta-feira, 14 de dezembro de 2011
sexta-feira, 9 de dezembro de 2011
Vídeo com apresentação de judô
Muito criativo. Para quem já praticou sabe como deve ser difícil executar as técnicas em câmera lenta
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=N3OfueV_RI0
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=N3OfueV_RI0
quarta-feira, 7 de dezembro de 2011
terça-feira, 6 de dezembro de 2011
segunda-feira, 5 de dezembro de 2011
Perda de peso em atletas de TKD
Dica do Fabrício
J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2011 Dec;55(4):318-24.
Weight cycling in adolescent Taekwondo athletes.
Kazemi M, Rahman A, De Ciantis M.
J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2011 Dec;55(4):318-24.
Weight cycling in adolescent Taekwondo athletes.
Kazemi M, Rahman A, De Ciantis M.
BACKGROUND: Weight reduction cycles are used by weight classed athletes in Taekwondo to make a weight category. Tension, dizziness, headaches, and confusion have been associated with rapid weight loss (RWL). There is a lack of research in weight cycling and its benefits among Taekwondo athletes.
PURPOSE: To investigate the rate of weight cycling in Junior Taekwondo athletes and its effect on performance.
METHODS: Athletes were weighed prior to competition, then again before their first match. Body mass difference in relation to winning was compared.
RESULTS: A significant increase from weigh-in to pre-match measurements was consistently found in both genders with no significant difference between them. Winners had a mean body mass gain (1.02 kg) which was non-significantly less than the non-winners (1.09 kg).
CONCLUSIONS: RWL practices do not define which athlete will perform better. Negative effects of weight cycling coupled with RWL has unclear performance benefits which indicates a need for further research.
sexta-feira, 2 de dezembro de 2011
quinta-feira, 1 de dezembro de 2011
Não se atire de cabeça
No Shinkei Geka. 2011 Dec;39(12):1139-47.
[Severe Head Injury during Judo Practice].
[Article in Japanese]
Nagahiro S, Mizobuchi Y, Hondo H, Kasuya H, Kamitani T, Shinbara Y, Nimura Y, Tomatsu T.
Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima Graduate School.
Abstract
The goal of this study is to elucidate the characteristic features of Judo head injuries and to propose safety measures and a reaction manual on how to prevent and to deal with such accidents in Japan. Thirty cases of severe head injuries suffered during Judo practice were enrolled in this study. They have made insurance claims for damage compensation and inquiries about Judo accidents attributed to the All Japan Judo Federation, from 2003 to 2010. The average age of the patients was 16.5 year old. The incidence of injury showed 2 peaks in different academic grade levels; one is in the first year of junior high-school (30.0%, n=9) and the other is in senior high school (26.7%, n=8). Around half of them were beginners. Four cases (13.3%) had past history of head trauma or headache and dizziness before a catastrophic accident, suggesting the presence of a second impact. Lucid interval was observed in 25 cases (83.3%). Most patients (93.3%) suffered acute subdural hematoma associated with avulsion of a cerebral bridging vein. Of patients who underwent emergency removal of the hematoma, 15 patients (50%) died and 7 patients (23.3%) entered a persistent vegetative state. Based on these findings, we propose an emergency manual with safety measures for effectively preventing and treating Judo head injuries in an appropriate manner. To reduce the disastrous head injuries in Judo, the safety measures and an optimal action manual should be reconsidered and widely spread and accepted by society.
[Severe Head Injury during Judo Practice].
[Article in Japanese]
Nagahiro S, Mizobuchi Y, Hondo H, Kasuya H, Kamitani T, Shinbara Y, Nimura Y, Tomatsu T.
Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima Graduate School.
Abstract
The goal of this study is to elucidate the characteristic features of Judo head injuries and to propose safety measures and a reaction manual on how to prevent and to deal with such accidents in Japan. Thirty cases of severe head injuries suffered during Judo practice were enrolled in this study. They have made insurance claims for damage compensation and inquiries about Judo accidents attributed to the All Japan Judo Federation, from 2003 to 2010. The average age of the patients was 16.5 year old. The incidence of injury showed 2 peaks in different academic grade levels; one is in the first year of junior high-school (30.0%, n=9) and the other is in senior high school (26.7%, n=8). Around half of them were beginners. Four cases (13.3%) had past history of head trauma or headache and dizziness before a catastrophic accident, suggesting the presence of a second impact. Lucid interval was observed in 25 cases (83.3%). Most patients (93.3%) suffered acute subdural hematoma associated with avulsion of a cerebral bridging vein. Of patients who underwent emergency removal of the hematoma, 15 patients (50%) died and 7 patients (23.3%) entered a persistent vegetative state. Based on these findings, we propose an emergency manual with safety measures for effectively preventing and treating Judo head injuries in an appropriate manner. To reduce the disastrous head injuries in Judo, the safety measures and an optimal action manual should be reconsidered and widely spread and accepted by society.
quarta-feira, 30 de novembro de 2011
Perfil antropométrico de judocas espanholes de diferentes faixas etárias
Anthropometrical profile of elite Spanish judoka: comparative analysis among ages
Emerson Franchini 1, Jesús F. Rodríguez-Huertas 2, Stanislaw Sterkowicz 3, Vicente Carratalá 4, Carlos Gutiérrez-García 5, Raquel Escobar-Molina 6
1 - School of Physical Education. Sport Martial Arts and Combat Sports Research Group. University of São Paulo, Brazil
2 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physiology. University of Granada, Spain
3 - Department of Theory and Methodology of Combat Sports. University School of Physical Education in Krakow, Poland
4 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physical Education and Sports. University of Valencia, Spain
5 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physical Education and Sports. University of León, Spain
6 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physical Education and Sports. University of Granada, Spain
Arch Budo 2011; 7(4):
Manuscript ID: 882107
Article type: Original article
Background and Study Aim: Judo athletes usually try to maximize muscle mass and to minimize adiposity in each weight category, but few studies focused on comparisons of different age categories and little is known about sexual dimorphism among judo athletes. The aim of the study was to compare anthropometrical variables in male and female judoka from Spanish National Teams.
Material and Methods: Eighty-seven national level Spanish judoka from all seven weight categories took part in this study: females (n = 46) – cadet (n = 16), junior (n = 12) and senior (n = 18); males (n = 44) – cadet (n = 18), junior (n = 15) and senior (n = 8). Body mass, height, skinfold thickness, circumferences and breadth anthropometric measurements were carried out. Somatotype components, body mass index, body fat and muscle mass were also estimated. A two way (gender and age groups) analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to compare groups.
Results: (1) males were heavier, taller, had lower body fat and higher muscle mass absolute and relative values, circumferences and bone diameters, lower endomorphic and higher mesomorphic components than females; (2) for skinfold thickness males presented lower values in limbs’ sites than females, but no difference was found in trunk skinfold thicknesses; (3) few differences were found among age categories, with cadets presenting smaller flexed arm circumference and humerus epicondyle bone breadth compared to junior and seniors, and lower absolute muscle mass compared to seniors; (4) tendency for reducing sexual dimorphism in some anthropological dimensions and in endomorphic and mesomorphic components was observed across age categories.
Conclusions: Morphologically high level cadet judo athletes are quite similar to older athletes and coaches can select them from these ages. These data can be used as reference to coaches and physical conditioning professionals.
Emerson Franchini 1, Jesús F. Rodríguez-Huertas 2, Stanislaw Sterkowicz 3, Vicente Carratalá 4, Carlos Gutiérrez-García 5, Raquel Escobar-Molina 6
1 - School of Physical Education. Sport Martial Arts and Combat Sports Research Group. University of São Paulo, Brazil
2 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physiology. University of Granada, Spain
3 - Department of Theory and Methodology of Combat Sports. University School of Physical Education in Krakow, Poland
4 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physical Education and Sports. University of Valencia, Spain
5 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physical Education and Sports. University of León, Spain
6 - Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Department of Physical Education and Sports. University of Granada, Spain
Arch Budo 2011; 7(4):
Manuscript ID: 882107
Article type: Original article
Background and Study Aim: Judo athletes usually try to maximize muscle mass and to minimize adiposity in each weight category, but few studies focused on comparisons of different age categories and little is known about sexual dimorphism among judo athletes. The aim of the study was to compare anthropometrical variables in male and female judoka from Spanish National Teams.
Material and Methods: Eighty-seven national level Spanish judoka from all seven weight categories took part in this study: females (n = 46) – cadet (n = 16), junior (n = 12) and senior (n = 18); males (n = 44) – cadet (n = 18), junior (n = 15) and senior (n = 8). Body mass, height, skinfold thickness, circumferences and breadth anthropometric measurements were carried out. Somatotype components, body mass index, body fat and muscle mass were also estimated. A two way (gender and age groups) analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to compare groups.
Results: (1) males were heavier, taller, had lower body fat and higher muscle mass absolute and relative values, circumferences and bone diameters, lower endomorphic and higher mesomorphic components than females; (2) for skinfold thickness males presented lower values in limbs’ sites than females, but no difference was found in trunk skinfold thicknesses; (3) few differences were found among age categories, with cadets presenting smaller flexed arm circumference and humerus epicondyle bone breadth compared to junior and seniors, and lower absolute muscle mass compared to seniors; (4) tendency for reducing sexual dimorphism in some anthropological dimensions and in endomorphic and mesomorphic components was observed across age categories.
Conclusions: Morphologically high level cadet judo athletes are quite similar to older athletes and coaches can select them from these ages. These data can be used as reference to coaches and physical conditioning professionals.
sexta-feira, 25 de novembro de 2011
Impacto imunológico de competição de TKD (dica do Fabrício)
Int J Sports Med. 2011 Nov 23. [Epub ahead of print]
Immunological Impact of Taekwondo Competitions.
Lee YW, Shin KW, Paik IY, Jung WM, Cho SY, Choi ST, Kim HD, Kim JY.
Department of Internal Medicine.
Abstract
Immunological Impact of Taekwondo Competitions.
Lee YW, Shin KW, Paik IY, Jung WM, Cho SY, Choi ST, Kim HD, Kim JY.
Department of Internal Medicine.
Abstract
Immunological changes in elite adolescent female athletes during Taekwondo competitions were investigated on-field. 6 female athletes (16.7±0.8 year-old) volunteered and performed 5 bouts of demonstration Taekwondo competitions simulating real tournaments in intensity, duration, and break-time intervals on the same day. Blood samples were taken before, after the competitions and during the recovery, respectively. Immunological changes and oxidative stress in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were evaluated by flow-cytometry. During the competitions, exercise intensity was 92.2±3.8% (86.1~95.7) of the maximal heart rate. Blood lactate increased immediately after the competitions (p=0.0165) and decreased to baseline during recovery. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the peripheral blood increased continuously during recovery (p<0.05, respectively). Natural killer cells increased immediately after the competitions (p=0.0006), and decreased during recovery. B and T cells increased immediately after the competitions and remained elevated throughout recovery (p<0.05, respectively). CD4/CD8 ratio after the competitions was decreased (p=0.0091) and returned to baseline during recovery. These results suggest that the immunological function of the elite female adolescent athletes could be attenuated after Taekwondo competitions. Further large-scaled Taekwondo studies on immunologic and apoptotic changes related to oxidative stress should be performed for improving and protecting the health of adolescent athletes.
Suplementação e recuperação de atletas de luta olímpica
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2011 Nov 22;8(1):21. [Epub ahead of print]
Effects of carbohydrate, branched-chain amino acids, and arginine in recovery period on the subsequent performance in wrestlers.
Jang TR, Wu CL, Chang CM, Hung W, Fang SH, Chang CK.
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Many athletes need to participate in multiple events in a single day. The efficient post-exercise glycogen recovery may be critical for the performance in subsequent exercise. This study examined whether post-exercise carbohydrate supplementation could restore the performance in the subsequent simulated wrestling match. The effect of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on glucose disposal and performance was also investigated. Nine well-trained male wrestlers participated in 3 trials in a random order. Each trial contained 3 matches with a 1-hr rest between match 1 and 2, and a 2-hr rest between match 2 and 3. Each match contained 3 exercise periods interspersed with 1-min rests. The subjects alternated 10-s all-out sprints and 20-s rests in each exercise period. At the end of match 2, 3 different supplementations were consumed: 1.2 g/kg glucose (CHO trial), 1 g/kg glucose + 0.1 g/kg Arg + 0.1 g/kg BCAA (CHO+AA trial), or water (placebo trial). The peak and average power in the 3 matches was similar in the 3 trials. After the supplementation, CHO and CHO+AA trial showed significantly higher glucose and insulin, and lower glycerol and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations than the placebo trial. There was no significant difference in these biochemical parameters between the CHO and CHO+AA trials. Supplementation of carbohydrate with or without BCAA and arginine during the post-match period had no effect on the performance in the following simulated match in wrestlers. In addition, BCAA and arginine did not provide additional insulinemic effect.
Effects of carbohydrate, branched-chain amino acids, and arginine in recovery period on the subsequent performance in wrestlers.
Jang TR, Wu CL, Chang CM, Hung W, Fang SH, Chang CK.
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Many athletes need to participate in multiple events in a single day. The efficient post-exercise glycogen recovery may be critical for the performance in subsequent exercise. This study examined whether post-exercise carbohydrate supplementation could restore the performance in the subsequent simulated wrestling match. The effect of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on glucose disposal and performance was also investigated. Nine well-trained male wrestlers participated in 3 trials in a random order. Each trial contained 3 matches with a 1-hr rest between match 1 and 2, and a 2-hr rest between match 2 and 3. Each match contained 3 exercise periods interspersed with 1-min rests. The subjects alternated 10-s all-out sprints and 20-s rests in each exercise period. At the end of match 2, 3 different supplementations were consumed: 1.2 g/kg glucose (CHO trial), 1 g/kg glucose + 0.1 g/kg Arg + 0.1 g/kg BCAA (CHO+AA trial), or water (placebo trial). The peak and average power in the 3 matches was similar in the 3 trials. After the supplementation, CHO and CHO+AA trial showed significantly higher glucose and insulin, and lower glycerol and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations than the placebo trial. There was no significant difference in these biochemical parameters between the CHO and CHO+AA trials. Supplementation of carbohydrate with or without BCAA and arginine during the post-match period had no effect on the performance in the following simulated match in wrestlers. In addition, BCAA and arginine did not provide additional insulinemic effect.
quarta-feira, 23 de novembro de 2011
Taekwondo, organização sensorial e equilíbrio em crianças com problemas coordenativos
Res Dev Disabil. 2012 Jan;33(1):85-95. Epub 2011 Oct 4.
Taekwondo training improves sensory organization and balance control in children with developmental coordination disorder: A randomized controlled trial.
Fong SS, Tsang WW, Ng GY.
SourceDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
Abstract
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have poorer postural control and are more susceptible to falls and injuries than their healthy counterparts. Sports training may improve sensory organization and balance ability in this population. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three months of Taekwondo (TKD) training on the sensory organization and standing balance of children with DCD. It is a randomized controlled trial. Forty-four children with DCD (mean age: 7.6±1.3 years) and 18 typically developing children (mean age: 7.2±1.0 years) participated in the study. Twenty-one children with DCD were randomly selected to undergo daily TKD training for three months (1h per day). Twenty-three children with DCD and 18 typically developing children received no training as controls. Sensory organization and standing balance were evaluated using a sensory organization test (SOT) and unilateral stance test (UST), respectively. Repeated measures MANCOVA showed a significant group by time interaction effect. Post hoc analysis demonstrated that improvements in the vestibular ratio (p=0.003) and UST sway velocity (p=0.007) were significantly greater in the DCD-TKD group than in the DCD-control group. There was no significant difference in the average vestibular ratio or UST sway velocity between the DCD-TKD and normal-control group after three months of TKD training (p>0.05). No change was found in the somatosensory ratio after TKD training (p>0.05). Significant improvements in visual ratios, vestibular ratios, SOT composite scores and UST sway velocities were also observed in the DCD-TKD group after training (p≤0.01). Three months of daily TKD training can improve sensory organization and standing balance for children with DCD. Clinicians can suggest TKD as a therapeutic leisure activity for this population.
Taekwondo training improves sensory organization and balance control in children with developmental coordination disorder: A randomized controlled trial.
Fong SS, Tsang WW, Ng GY.
SourceDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
Abstract
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have poorer postural control and are more susceptible to falls and injuries than their healthy counterparts. Sports training may improve sensory organization and balance ability in this population. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three months of Taekwondo (TKD) training on the sensory organization and standing balance of children with DCD. It is a randomized controlled trial. Forty-four children with DCD (mean age: 7.6±1.3 years) and 18 typically developing children (mean age: 7.2±1.0 years) participated in the study. Twenty-one children with DCD were randomly selected to undergo daily TKD training for three months (1h per day). Twenty-three children with DCD and 18 typically developing children received no training as controls. Sensory organization and standing balance were evaluated using a sensory organization test (SOT) and unilateral stance test (UST), respectively. Repeated measures MANCOVA showed a significant group by time interaction effect. Post hoc analysis demonstrated that improvements in the vestibular ratio (p=0.003) and UST sway velocity (p=0.007) were significantly greater in the DCD-TKD group than in the DCD-control group. There was no significant difference in the average vestibular ratio or UST sway velocity between the DCD-TKD and normal-control group after three months of TKD training (p>0.05). No change was found in the somatosensory ratio after TKD training (p>0.05). Significant improvements in visual ratios, vestibular ratios, SOT composite scores and UST sway velocities were also observed in the DCD-TKD group after training (p≤0.01). Three months of daily TKD training can improve sensory organization and standing balance for children with DCD. Clinicians can suggest TKD as a therapeutic leisure activity for this population.
sábado, 19 de novembro de 2011
Edição do Strength and Conditioning Journal é dedicada às modalidades esportivas de combate
Dica do Fabrício:
http://journals.lww.com/nsca-scj/pages/currenttoc.aspx
A Bianca pode encontrar explicação para sua mudança de modalidade em um dos artigos hahahahaha
http://journals.lww.com/nsca-scj/pages/currenttoc.aspx
A Bianca pode encontrar explicação para sua mudança de modalidade em um dos artigos hahahahaha
sexta-feira, 18 de novembro de 2011
Antropometria e capacidade física de atletas juvenis de judô
BODY BUILD AND BODY COMPOSITION VS. PHYSICAL CAPACITY IN YOUNG JUDO CONTESTANTS COMPARED TO UNTRAINED SUBJECTS
AUTHORS: Sterkowicz S.1, Lech G.1, Pałka T.2, Tyka A.2, Sterkowicz-Przybycień K.L.3, Szyguła Z.2, Kłys A.1
1Department of Theory and Methodology of Combat Sports, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
2Institute of Human Physiology, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
3Department of Theory and Methodology of Gymnastics, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to (1) find differences in body build and aerobic and anaerobic capacity between young judoists and untrained peers; (2) compare correlations for indicators of body build with indicators of aerobic and anaerobic capacity among the group of trained and untrained subjects. The study group comprised 18 subjects selected during a competitive period, who had taken at least fifth place in national judo tournaments. Their training experience ranged from 6 to 11 years, 8 to 10 hours a week. The control group was composed of 18 untrained students from one of the schools included in the study. Their body height and mass (BM) did not differ compared to judoists. A body composition chart was employed for analysis of body build and body composition. Physiological investigations encompassed measurements of anaerobic (Wingate test) and aerobic (graded exercise test on cycle ergometer) capacity. Judo contestants are typically characterized by higher BMI, fat-free mass and fat-free mass index compared to the untrained. Compared to the group of untrained peers, young athletes in this sport are distinguished by the time needed to generate peak power. This difference is not observed in the indices characterising aerobic capacity. The level of the indices of body build and composition in young judo contestants shows a moderate and strong correlation with indices of anaerobic and aerobic capacity. The amount of total work in the Wingate test was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.65, p<0.01), fat-free mass index (r=0.63, p<0.01), body mass (r=0.49, p<0.05), fat mass index (r=0.49, p<0.05) and percentage of fat (r=0.48, p<0.05). Maximal peak anaerobic power was positively correlated with fat-free mass index (r=0.48, p<0.05) and percentage of fat (r=0.50, p<0.05). A strong negative correlation between ·VO2max with body mass (r=-0.75, p<0.001), BMI (r=-0.72, p<0.001), moderate correlation with PF% (r=-0.64, p<0.01), fat-free mass index (r=-0.52, p<0.05), and fat mass index (-0.67, p<0.01) were observed. Heart rate at the anaerobic threshold (%HRmax) showed positive relationships with fat-free mass index (r=0.52, p<0.05). In the untrained subjects, only a negative relationship between BM and TOPP was observed (r=-0.48, p<0.05). These findings confirm interrelations between structural and functional parameters, developed through many years of training. Although physical capacity might affect the course of a fight, it should be considered in coaching practice only in conjunction with the level of technical and tactical preparation, which determines the result of the fight.
http://biolsport.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=965486
AUTHORS: Sterkowicz S.1, Lech G.1, Pałka T.2, Tyka A.2, Sterkowicz-Przybycień K.L.3, Szyguła Z.2, Kłys A.1
1Department of Theory and Methodology of Combat Sports, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
2Institute of Human Physiology, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
3Department of Theory and Methodology of Gymnastics, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to (1) find differences in body build and aerobic and anaerobic capacity between young judoists and untrained peers; (2) compare correlations for indicators of body build with indicators of aerobic and anaerobic capacity among the group of trained and untrained subjects. The study group comprised 18 subjects selected during a competitive period, who had taken at least fifth place in national judo tournaments. Their training experience ranged from 6 to 11 years, 8 to 10 hours a week. The control group was composed of 18 untrained students from one of the schools included in the study. Their body height and mass (BM) did not differ compared to judoists. A body composition chart was employed for analysis of body build and body composition. Physiological investigations encompassed measurements of anaerobic (Wingate test) and aerobic (graded exercise test on cycle ergometer) capacity. Judo contestants are typically characterized by higher BMI, fat-free mass and fat-free mass index compared to the untrained. Compared to the group of untrained peers, young athletes in this sport are distinguished by the time needed to generate peak power. This difference is not observed in the indices characterising aerobic capacity. The level of the indices of body build and composition in young judo contestants shows a moderate and strong correlation with indices of anaerobic and aerobic capacity. The amount of total work in the Wingate test was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.65, p<0.01), fat-free mass index (r=0.63, p<0.01), body mass (r=0.49, p<0.05), fat mass index (r=0.49, p<0.05) and percentage of fat (r=0.48, p<0.05). Maximal peak anaerobic power was positively correlated with fat-free mass index (r=0.48, p<0.05) and percentage of fat (r=0.50, p<0.05). A strong negative correlation between ·VO2max with body mass (r=-0.75, p<0.001), BMI (r=-0.72, p<0.001), moderate correlation with PF% (r=-0.64, p<0.01), fat-free mass index (r=-0.52, p<0.05), and fat mass index (-0.67, p<0.01) were observed. Heart rate at the anaerobic threshold (%HRmax) showed positive relationships with fat-free mass index (r=0.52, p<0.05). In the untrained subjects, only a negative relationship between BM and TOPP was observed (r=-0.48, p<0.05). These findings confirm interrelations between structural and functional parameters, developed through many years of training. Although physical capacity might affect the course of a fight, it should be considered in coaching practice only in conjunction with the level of technical and tactical preparation, which determines the result of the fight.
http://biolsport.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=965486
terça-feira, 15 de novembro de 2011
Acontece menos do que seria esperado?
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Nov 10. [Epub ahead of print]
Exertional Rhabdomyolysis in an Adolescent Athlete During Preseason Conditioning: A Perfect Storm.
Cleary MA, Sadowski KA, Lee SY, Miller GL, Nichols AW.
1Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, Human Performance Research Laboratory, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii; 2Department of Athletics, Bonner Physical Therapy/Sandpoint High School, Sandpoint, Idaho; 3Department of Athletics, Hawaii Baptist Academy, Honolulu, Hawaii; 4Department of Athletics, Castle High School, Kaneohe, Hawaii; and 5Division of Sports Medicine, Family Medicine and Community Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Abstract
Cleary, MA, Sadowski, KA, Lee, SY-C, Miller, GL, and Nichols, AW. Exertional rhabdomyolysis in an adolescent athlete during preseason conditioning: a perfect storm. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-The purpose of this brief review is to present a case of a healthy, male adolescent athlete (age = 16 years, body mass = 67.9 kg, height = 165.5 cm) who participated in a 3-day preseason wrestling camp which resulted in hospitalization for exertional rhabdomyolysis. As part of the preseason conditioning program directed by the coaches, the athlete completed 60 minutes of short, intense intervals of wall-sits, squats, sit-ups, push-ups, lunges, and plyometric jumps. The following day, the athlete continued his vigorous training consisting of running drills. That night he noticed voiding dark brown urine the color of cola. The day after the camp ended, the athlete reported to his Athletic Trainers with the chief complaint of severe bilateral leg pain in his quadriceps. Two days after the initial assessment, he was admitted to the hospital where he was diagnosed with exertional rhabdomyolysis based on creatine kinase (CK) levels that peaked at 146,000 IU·L, elevated far beyond normal (normal range = 58-280 IU·L). The athlete was hospitalized for 6 days where he received intravenous normal saline for rehydration, and his CK levels were assessed daily. Athletic Trainers, personal trainers, physical education teachers, and coaches should be aware that exertional rhabdomyolysis is the most common form of rhabdomyolysis and affects individuals who participate in novel and intense exercise to which they are unaccustomed. Stressful ambient conditions may lead to dehydration and exacerbation of the condition, particularly when the individual is not accustomed to the exercise intensity.
Exertional Rhabdomyolysis in an Adolescent Athlete During Preseason Conditioning: A Perfect Storm.
Cleary MA, Sadowski KA, Lee SY, Miller GL, Nichols AW.
1Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, Human Performance Research Laboratory, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii; 2Department of Athletics, Bonner Physical Therapy/Sandpoint High School, Sandpoint, Idaho; 3Department of Athletics, Hawaii Baptist Academy, Honolulu, Hawaii; 4Department of Athletics, Castle High School, Kaneohe, Hawaii; and 5Division of Sports Medicine, Family Medicine and Community Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Abstract
Cleary, MA, Sadowski, KA, Lee, SY-C, Miller, GL, and Nichols, AW. Exertional rhabdomyolysis in an adolescent athlete during preseason conditioning: a perfect storm. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-The purpose of this brief review is to present a case of a healthy, male adolescent athlete (age = 16 years, body mass = 67.9 kg, height = 165.5 cm) who participated in a 3-day preseason wrestling camp which resulted in hospitalization for exertional rhabdomyolysis. As part of the preseason conditioning program directed by the coaches, the athlete completed 60 minutes of short, intense intervals of wall-sits, squats, sit-ups, push-ups, lunges, and plyometric jumps. The following day, the athlete continued his vigorous training consisting of running drills. That night he noticed voiding dark brown urine the color of cola. The day after the camp ended, the athlete reported to his Athletic Trainers with the chief complaint of severe bilateral leg pain in his quadriceps. Two days after the initial assessment, he was admitted to the hospital where he was diagnosed with exertional rhabdomyolysis based on creatine kinase (CK) levels that peaked at 146,000 IU·L, elevated far beyond normal (normal range = 58-280 IU·L). The athlete was hospitalized for 6 days where he received intravenous normal saline for rehydration, and his CK levels were assessed daily. Athletic Trainers, personal trainers, physical education teachers, and coaches should be aware that exertional rhabdomyolysis is the most common form of rhabdomyolysis and affects individuals who participate in novel and intense exercise to which they are unaccustomed. Stressful ambient conditions may lead to dehydration and exacerbation of the condition, particularly when the individual is not accustomed to the exercise intensity.
Intervenção quiroprática e força de preensão manual em judocas
J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2011 Nov 10. [Epub ahead of print]
Effect of Cervical Spine Manipulative Therapy on Judo Athletes' Grip Strength.
Botelho MB, Andrade BB.
Chiropractor, Private Practice, Salvador, BA/Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to perform an investigation evaluating if cervical spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) can increase grip strength on judo athletes in a top 10 national-ranked team.
METHODS: A single-blinded, prospective, comparative, pilot, randomized, clinical trial was performed with 18 athletes of both sexes from a judo team currently competing on a national level. The athletes were randomly assigned to 2 groups: chiropractic SMT and sham. Three interventions were performed on each of the athletes at different time points. Force measurements were obtained by a hydraulic dynamometer immediately before and after each intervention at the same period before training up to 3 weeks with at least 36 hours between interventions.
RESULTS: Analysis of grip strength data revealed a statistically significant increase in strength within the treatment group after the first intervention (6.95% right, 12.61% left) as compared with the second (11.53% right, 17.02% left) and the third interventions (10.53% right, 16.81% left). No statistically significant differences were found in grip strength comparison within the sham group. Overall differences in strength were consistently significant between the study groups (P = .0025).
CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that the grip strength of national level judo athletes receiving chiropractic SMT improved compared to those receiving sham.
Effect of Cervical Spine Manipulative Therapy on Judo Athletes' Grip Strength.
Botelho MB, Andrade BB.
Chiropractor, Private Practice, Salvador, BA/Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to perform an investigation evaluating if cervical spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) can increase grip strength on judo athletes in a top 10 national-ranked team.
METHODS: A single-blinded, prospective, comparative, pilot, randomized, clinical trial was performed with 18 athletes of both sexes from a judo team currently competing on a national level. The athletes were randomly assigned to 2 groups: chiropractic SMT and sham. Three interventions were performed on each of the athletes at different time points. Force measurements were obtained by a hydraulic dynamometer immediately before and after each intervention at the same period before training up to 3 weeks with at least 36 hours between interventions.
RESULTS: Analysis of grip strength data revealed a statistically significant increase in strength within the treatment group after the first intervention (6.95% right, 12.61% left) as compared with the second (11.53% right, 17.02% left) and the third interventions (10.53% right, 16.81% left). No statistically significant differences were found in grip strength comparison within the sham group. Overall differences in strength were consistently significant between the study groups (P = .0025).
CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that the grip strength of national level judo athletes receiving chiropractic SMT improved compared to those receiving sham.
quinta-feira, 10 de novembro de 2011
terça-feira, 8 de novembro de 2011
Sem intermediários : )
Parabéns ao portal Terra, que colocou um espaço a disposição dos atletas.
Esse é o blog do Leandro Guilheiro.
http://leandroguilheiro.blog.terra.com.br/
Para quem gosta de esporte, especialmente de judô, vale a pena acompanhar.
Esse é o blog do Leandro Guilheiro.
http://leandroguilheiro.blog.terra.com.br/
Para quem gosta de esporte, especialmente de judô, vale a pena acompanhar.
segunda-feira, 7 de novembro de 2011
Mais um trabalho dos coreanos
Int J Sports Med. 2011 Nov 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Effects of Sprint Interval Training on Elite Judoists.
Kim J, Lee N, Trilk J, Kim EJ, Kim SY, Lee M, Cho HC.
Korea National Sport University Seoul.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sprint interval training (SIT) compared to control group (CG). 29 Judoists were assigned to SIT group (n=11, age 20.00±1.10 years) and CG (n=18, age 19.94±1.16 years). There were no significant changes in body fat and aerobic performance (VO2max, HRmax, and HR after Judo match) after 4 and 8 weeks. However, anaerobic peak power and mean power in SIT group was significantly increased by 16% and 17% at 4 weeks and by 17% and 22% at 8 weeks compared to baseline values (p<0.05). At 8 weeks, blood lactate concentration after graded exercise was significantly decreased in SIT group compared to CG after 10 and 15 min of recovery (p< 0.05). After Judo match, triglyceride and epinephrine were significantly increased in CG compared to SIT group (p<0.05) at 4 and 8 weeks. Otherwise, there were no significant changes of total cholesterol, albumin, FFA, and norepinephrine in both groups. We suggested that SIT program for elite Judoists would be effective to increase anaerobic power in a short period during off-season training.
Effects of Sprint Interval Training on Elite Judoists.
Kim J, Lee N, Trilk J, Kim EJ, Kim SY, Lee M, Cho HC.
Korea National Sport University Seoul.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sprint interval training (SIT) compared to control group (CG). 29 Judoists were assigned to SIT group (n=11, age 20.00±1.10 years) and CG (n=18, age 19.94±1.16 years). There were no significant changes in body fat and aerobic performance (VO2max, HRmax, and HR after Judo match) after 4 and 8 weeks. However, anaerobic peak power and mean power in SIT group was significantly increased by 16% and 17% at 4 weeks and by 17% and 22% at 8 weeks compared to baseline values (p<0.05). At 8 weeks, blood lactate concentration after graded exercise was significantly decreased in SIT group compared to CG after 10 and 15 min of recovery (p< 0.05). After Judo match, triglyceride and epinephrine were significantly increased in CG compared to SIT group (p<0.05) at 4 and 8 weeks. Otherwise, there were no significant changes of total cholesterol, albumin, FFA, and norepinephrine in both groups. We suggested that SIT program for elite Judoists would be effective to increase anaerobic power in a short period during off-season training.
sexta-feira, 4 de novembro de 2011
quarta-feira, 2 de novembro de 2011
Soco no karate
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2011 Dec;21(6):1023-9. Epub 2011 Oct 17.
Kinematic and electromyographic analyses of a karate punch.
Vencesbrito AM, Rodrigues Ferreira MA, Cortes N, Fernandes O, Pezarat-Correia P.
Sports Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Rio Maior, Portugal.
Abstract
The aims of this study were: (i) to present the kinematic and electromyographic patterns of the choku-zuki punch performed by 18 experienced karatekas from the Portuguese team, and (ii) to compare it with the execution of 19 participants without any karate experience. The kinematic and electromyographic data were collected from the arm and forearm during the execution of the specific punch. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used with significant level set at p⩽0.05. We found that the kinematic and neuromuscular activity in this punch occurs within 400ms. Muscle activities and kinematic analysis presented a sequence of activation bracing a near-distal end, with the arm muscles showing greater intensity of activation than muscles in the forearm. In the skill performance, the arm, flexion and internal rotation, and the forearm extension and pronation movements were executed with smaller amplitude in the karate group. Based on the results of this study, the two groups' presented distinct kinematic and electromyographic patterns during the performance of the choku-zuki punch.
Kinematic and electromyographic analyses of a karate punch.
Vencesbrito AM, Rodrigues Ferreira MA, Cortes N, Fernandes O, Pezarat-Correia P.
Sports Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Rio Maior, Portugal.
Abstract
The aims of this study were: (i) to present the kinematic and electromyographic patterns of the choku-zuki punch performed by 18 experienced karatekas from the Portuguese team, and (ii) to compare it with the execution of 19 participants without any karate experience. The kinematic and electromyographic data were collected from the arm and forearm during the execution of the specific punch. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used with significant level set at p⩽0.05. We found that the kinematic and neuromuscular activity in this punch occurs within 400ms. Muscle activities and kinematic analysis presented a sequence of activation bracing a near-distal end, with the arm muscles showing greater intensity of activation than muscles in the forearm. In the skill performance, the arm, flexion and internal rotation, and the forearm extension and pronation movements were executed with smaller amplitude in the karate group. Based on the results of this study, the two groups' presented distinct kinematic and electromyographic patterns during the performance of the choku-zuki punch.
Análise do mae-geri; mais conhecido por alguns como o chute que o Steven Seagal ensinou para o Anderson Silva : )
J Sports Sci. 2011 Oct 13. [Epub ahead of print]
Execution time, kinetics, and kinematics of the mae-geri kick: Comparison of national and international standard karate athletes.
Pozo J, Bastien G, Dierick F.
Department of Physical Therapy , Haute Ecole Louvain en Hainaut (HELHa), Montignies sur Sambre , Belgium.
Abstract
Little is known of the performance characteristics of the shotokan karate mae-geri kick. The aim of this study was to compare the execution time, the lower limb kinetics and kinematics, and their respective repeatability in the mae-geri kick of karate athletes of two different standards. Seventeen adult black belt karate competitors (9 national and 8 international athletes) performed six kicks with their dominant lower limb on a striking surface, combining maximum force impact and velocity. Execution time of movement and lower limb kinematics were recorded with a high-speed camera. Maximum force at impact and the forces exerted on the ground were measured using three force plates. The duration of the kick was significantly shorter for international than for national standard athletes. However, no significant difference in the maximum impact force of the kick was observed between the two groups. In addition, significant kinematic differences were observed between the groups, with two angles of motion and one velocity peak occurring sooner in the kick movement for the international athletes, specifically for the knee joint. International athletes also performed the kick with a significantly higher repeatability for duration and kinematics, specifically during the pre-loading phase that precedes the attack phase. We conclude that theduration of the kick and repeatability of lower limb kinematics could be useful in selecting top-level karate athletes and monitoring their training status.
Execution time, kinetics, and kinematics of the mae-geri kick: Comparison of national and international standard karate athletes.
Pozo J, Bastien G, Dierick F.
Department of Physical Therapy , Haute Ecole Louvain en Hainaut (HELHa), Montignies sur Sambre , Belgium.
Abstract
Little is known of the performance characteristics of the shotokan karate mae-geri kick. The aim of this study was to compare the execution time, the lower limb kinetics and kinematics, and their respective repeatability in the mae-geri kick of karate athletes of two different standards. Seventeen adult black belt karate competitors (9 national and 8 international athletes) performed six kicks with their dominant lower limb on a striking surface, combining maximum force impact and velocity. Execution time of movement and lower limb kinematics were recorded with a high-speed camera. Maximum force at impact and the forces exerted on the ground were measured using three force plates. The duration of the kick was significantly shorter for international than for national standard athletes. However, no significant difference in the maximum impact force of the kick was observed between the two groups. In addition, significant kinematic differences were observed between the groups, with two angles of motion and one velocity peak occurring sooner in the kick movement for the international athletes, specifically for the knee joint. International athletes also performed the kick with a significantly higher repeatability for duration and kinematics, specifically during the pre-loading phase that precedes the attack phase. We conclude that theduration of the kick and repeatability of lower limb kinematics could be useful in selecting top-level karate athletes and monitoring their training status.
sexta-feira, 28 de outubro de 2011
quarta-feira, 26 de outubro de 2011
Editorial do Jornal da USP desta semana
A ética e o assessor anônimo
TIBOR RABÓCZKAY
A Fapesp e o CNPq criaram, recentemente, códigos de conduta para cientistas, visando a prevenir eventos antiéticos como a fabricação de resultados, a falsificação de dados, o plágio, a inclusão de autores nos trabalhos sem que estes tivessem uma contribuição significativa para a realização do estudo. A repercussão na mídia reflete o crescente interesse público pela ciência e a atividade dos cientistas. Preocupação ética mais antiga com a atividade científica foi originada pelos produtos que ameaçam a humanidade ou a natureza, como os agrotóxicos ou armas.
Acompanhando a tendência global, introduzi, em 2008, na pós-graduação no Instituto de Química da USP, a disciplina Ética Para os Profissionais de Química, envolvendo a discussão de problemas originários do questionamento público e da vivência dos próprios cientistas, orientadores e alunos de pós-graduação. Revelou-se como figura de destaque nas discussões o assessor anônimo, personagem não contemplada nesses códigos de conduta. Como sabemos, a análise de projetos de pesquisa, solicitações de bolsa, verba para a aquisição de equipamento de pesquisa, o financiamento de viagens junto aos órgãos financiadores dependem quase que decisivamente do parecer de assessores ad hoc, cuja identidade é mantida em segredo. É o assessor anônimo.
A favor do anonimato são usados dois argumentos, discutíveis. Um, que “em todas as partes do mundo é assim”. É a falácia da “prática comum”: a defesa com base em que, se todo mundo age de uma dada maneira, então tal prática é válida. Omitem-se a análise e a crítica. Em segundo, que o anonimato do assessor garante uma avaliação isenta, visto que ele não temerá represálias e conflitos pessoais no caso de uma recomendação desfavorável. Pressupõe-se que os cientistas sejam incapazes de manter a objetividade ao analisar projetos de seus pares em procedimento aberto e que os solicitantes não consigam aceitar objetivamente uma análise parcial ou inteiramente desfavorável a suas pretensões. Ora, na hipótese de os cientistas não conseguirem atuar objetivamente em procedimentos transparentes, é razoável supor que serão objetivos e isentos em assessorias às escondidas?
Expectativa e esperança que carecem de lógica. O segredo é solo fértil para a manifestação das fraquezas humanas das quais nem todo cientista escapa, por um lado, e o surgimento de boataria sem fim, por outro. Algumas das más práticas são constatáveis nos próprios pareceres aos quais os solicitantes têm acesso (sem assinatura do “parecerista”, obviamente). Vejamos alguns exemplos. Já ocorreu a não recomendação de pedido de bolsa de pós-doutorado no exterior, com o assessor anônimo alegando que o solicitante nunca havia trabalhado no assunto proposto, daí o trabalho no laboratório a visitar teria o aproveitamento comprometido. Pedido igual foi recusado por outro assessor (ou, quem sabe, o mesmo), porque o solicitante, já tendo trabalhado no tema, teria pouco aproveitamento com a permanência no exterior.
Da minha vivência posso citar o caso da recusa sucessiva de relatórios referentes a projeto cujo equipamento foi financiado por uma das agências mencionadas. Embora elaborados em conformidade com as exigências e anexados os artigos publicados em revistas estrangeiras indexadas, o relatório foi recusado – a primeira vez por ser sucinto, a segunda vez por muito detalhado. O assessor cometera a imprudência, ainda, de comentar com um amigo comum que “estrepei fulano” (usando, porém, termos chulos). Por motivos óbvios, respeitei o anonimato do “isento” anônimo. Mais difíceis de comprovação são as queixas de que o assessor anônimo, normalmente da mesma área de pesquisa que o solicitante, se apropriou das ideias deste e, eventualmente, “segurou” o projeto por tempo suficiente para tirar vantagem. São boatos apenas? Possivelmente.
Mais uma vez de vivência pessoal, um evento pouco lisonjeiro. Colegas que atuavam em área semelhante à minha me procuraram dizendo saber que solicitação minha a uma das agências financiadoras recebera parecer negativo. Queriam me assegurar que nenhum deles fora o assessor e me pediam que, portanto, não tomasse represálias, caso indicado para analisar pedidos deles. Acredite o leitor, a resposta gentil, de que jamais suspeitei deles, nem pensaria em desforra, exigiu considerável autocontrole.
Tratasse de casos raros, não levantaria este questionamento. Mas os pesquisadores todos sabem que o procedimento do assessor anônimo é, com certa frequência, de ética questionável. Daí, creio que – enquanto continuarmos descrentes da objetividade do cientista que atue às claras e for mantida a figura suspeitosa do assessor anônimo, salvaguardada a honra daqueles que às claras ou no anonimato, igualmente, não abrem mão da honestidade – os avanços em ética continuarão insuficientes. Isto, além da questionável alocação de fundos públicos com base em recomendações anônimas.
Tibor Rabóczkay é professor titular aposentado do Instituto de Química da USP
TIBOR RABÓCZKAY
A Fapesp e o CNPq criaram, recentemente, códigos de conduta para cientistas, visando a prevenir eventos antiéticos como a fabricação de resultados, a falsificação de dados, o plágio, a inclusão de autores nos trabalhos sem que estes tivessem uma contribuição significativa para a realização do estudo. A repercussão na mídia reflete o crescente interesse público pela ciência e a atividade dos cientistas. Preocupação ética mais antiga com a atividade científica foi originada pelos produtos que ameaçam a humanidade ou a natureza, como os agrotóxicos ou armas.
Acompanhando a tendência global, introduzi, em 2008, na pós-graduação no Instituto de Química da USP, a disciplina Ética Para os Profissionais de Química, envolvendo a discussão de problemas originários do questionamento público e da vivência dos próprios cientistas, orientadores e alunos de pós-graduação. Revelou-se como figura de destaque nas discussões o assessor anônimo, personagem não contemplada nesses códigos de conduta. Como sabemos, a análise de projetos de pesquisa, solicitações de bolsa, verba para a aquisição de equipamento de pesquisa, o financiamento de viagens junto aos órgãos financiadores dependem quase que decisivamente do parecer de assessores ad hoc, cuja identidade é mantida em segredo. É o assessor anônimo.
A favor do anonimato são usados dois argumentos, discutíveis. Um, que “em todas as partes do mundo é assim”. É a falácia da “prática comum”: a defesa com base em que, se todo mundo age de uma dada maneira, então tal prática é válida. Omitem-se a análise e a crítica. Em segundo, que o anonimato do assessor garante uma avaliação isenta, visto que ele não temerá represálias e conflitos pessoais no caso de uma recomendação desfavorável. Pressupõe-se que os cientistas sejam incapazes de manter a objetividade ao analisar projetos de seus pares em procedimento aberto e que os solicitantes não consigam aceitar objetivamente uma análise parcial ou inteiramente desfavorável a suas pretensões. Ora, na hipótese de os cientistas não conseguirem atuar objetivamente em procedimentos transparentes, é razoável supor que serão objetivos e isentos em assessorias às escondidas?
Expectativa e esperança que carecem de lógica. O segredo é solo fértil para a manifestação das fraquezas humanas das quais nem todo cientista escapa, por um lado, e o surgimento de boataria sem fim, por outro. Algumas das más práticas são constatáveis nos próprios pareceres aos quais os solicitantes têm acesso (sem assinatura do “parecerista”, obviamente). Vejamos alguns exemplos. Já ocorreu a não recomendação de pedido de bolsa de pós-doutorado no exterior, com o assessor anônimo alegando que o solicitante nunca havia trabalhado no assunto proposto, daí o trabalho no laboratório a visitar teria o aproveitamento comprometido. Pedido igual foi recusado por outro assessor (ou, quem sabe, o mesmo), porque o solicitante, já tendo trabalhado no tema, teria pouco aproveitamento com a permanência no exterior.
Da minha vivência posso citar o caso da recusa sucessiva de relatórios referentes a projeto cujo equipamento foi financiado por uma das agências mencionadas. Embora elaborados em conformidade com as exigências e anexados os artigos publicados em revistas estrangeiras indexadas, o relatório foi recusado – a primeira vez por ser sucinto, a segunda vez por muito detalhado. O assessor cometera a imprudência, ainda, de comentar com um amigo comum que “estrepei fulano” (usando, porém, termos chulos). Por motivos óbvios, respeitei o anonimato do “isento” anônimo. Mais difíceis de comprovação são as queixas de que o assessor anônimo, normalmente da mesma área de pesquisa que o solicitante, se apropriou das ideias deste e, eventualmente, “segurou” o projeto por tempo suficiente para tirar vantagem. São boatos apenas? Possivelmente.
Mais uma vez de vivência pessoal, um evento pouco lisonjeiro. Colegas que atuavam em área semelhante à minha me procuraram dizendo saber que solicitação minha a uma das agências financiadoras recebera parecer negativo. Queriam me assegurar que nenhum deles fora o assessor e me pediam que, portanto, não tomasse represálias, caso indicado para analisar pedidos deles. Acredite o leitor, a resposta gentil, de que jamais suspeitei deles, nem pensaria em desforra, exigiu considerável autocontrole.
Tratasse de casos raros, não levantaria este questionamento. Mas os pesquisadores todos sabem que o procedimento do assessor anônimo é, com certa frequência, de ética questionável. Daí, creio que – enquanto continuarmos descrentes da objetividade do cientista que atue às claras e for mantida a figura suspeitosa do assessor anônimo, salvaguardada a honra daqueles que às claras ou no anonimato, igualmente, não abrem mão da honestidade – os avanços em ética continuarão insuficientes. Isto, além da questionável alocação de fundos públicos com base em recomendações anônimas.
Tibor Rabóczkay é professor titular aposentado do Instituto de Química da USP
segunda-feira, 24 de outubro de 2011
terça-feira, 18 de outubro de 2011
segunda-feira, 17 de outubro de 2011
segunda-feira, 10 de outubro de 2011
Análise de lutas de Muay-Thai e Kickboxing
Artigo do nosso grupo, publicado por aluno orientado pelo Fabrício:
http://www.jhse.ua.es/index.php/jhse/article/view/208/379
http://www.jhse.ua.es/index.php/jhse/article/view/208/379
sábado, 8 de outubro de 2011
sexta-feira, 7 de outubro de 2011
Judoca e atleta de kung fu disputam os Jogos Pan-americanos no remo
Tá certo que deram um doutorado em outra área, mas tá valendo:
http://pan.uol.com.br/2011/ultimas-noticias/2011/10/06/brasileira-mira-ciclo-pan-americano-em-tres-esportes-foi-judoca-e-remadora-e-quer-tiro-com-arco.htm
http://rederecord.r7.com/pan-guadalajara-2011/noticias/judoca-alema-faixa-preta-de-kung-fu-e-atleta-mandada-pelo-chefe-marcam-delegacao-de-remo.html?question=0
quinta-feira, 6 de outubro de 2011
quarta-feira, 5 de outubro de 2011
Livro novo
des mécanismes d’induction, apprentissage à la citoyenneté.... 259
Michel Calmet & Emerson Franchini
domingo, 2 de outubro de 2011
sexta-feira, 30 de setembro de 2011
Eletroestimulação e recuperação de atletas de judô
J Athl Train. 2011;46(4):386-94.
Comparison of recovery strategies on maximal force-generating capacity and electromyographic activity level of the knee extensor muscles.
Zarrouk N, Rebai H, Yahia A, Souissi N, Hug F, Dogui M.
Neurophysiologie de la Vigilance, de l'Attention et des Performances, Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux, CHU Sahloul, Sousse, Tunisia;
Abstract
CONTEXT: With regard to intermittent training exercise, the effects of the mode of recovery on subsequent performance are equivocal.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of 3 types of recovery intervention on peak torque (PT) and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the knee extensor muscles after fatiguing isokinetic intermittent concentric exercise.
DESIGN: Crossover study.
SETTING: Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Eight elite judo players (age = 18.4 ± 1.4 years, height = 180 ± 3 cm, mass = 77.0 ± 4.2 kg). Intervention(s): Participants completed 3 randomized sessions within 7 days. Each session consisted of 5 sets of 10 concentric knee extensions at 80% PT at 120°/s, with 3 minutes of recovery between sets. Recovery interventions were passive, active, and electromyostimulation. The PT and maximal EMG activity were recorded simultaneously while participants performed isokinetic dynamometer trials before and 3 minutes after the resistance exercise. Main Outcome Measure(s): The PT and maximal EMG activity from the knee extensors were quantified at isokinetic velocities of 60°/s, 120°/s, and 180°/s, with 5 repetitions at each velocity.
RESULTS: The reduction in PT observed after electromyostimulation was less than that seen after passive (P < .001) or active recovery (P < .001). The reduction in PT was less after passive recovery than after active recovery (P < .001). The maximal EMG activity level observed after electromyostimulation was higher than that seen after active recovery (P < .05).
CONCLUSIONS: Electromyostimulation was an effective recovery tool in decreasing neuromuscular fatigue after high-intensity, intermittent isokinetic concentric exercise for the knee extensor muscles. Also, active recovery induced the greatest amount of neuromuscular fatigue.
http://docserver.ingentaconnect.com/deliver/connect/nata/10626050/v46n4/s8.pdf?expires=1317409023&id=64661649&titleid=41000054&accname=Guest+User&checksum=F32C1DAAE1C336CA7B101573E6AEB3C6
Comparison of recovery strategies on maximal force-generating capacity and electromyographic activity level of the knee extensor muscles.
Zarrouk N, Rebai H, Yahia A, Souissi N, Hug F, Dogui M.
Neurophysiologie de la Vigilance, de l'Attention et des Performances, Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux, CHU Sahloul, Sousse, Tunisia;
Abstract
CONTEXT: With regard to intermittent training exercise, the effects of the mode of recovery on subsequent performance are equivocal.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of 3 types of recovery intervention on peak torque (PT) and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the knee extensor muscles after fatiguing isokinetic intermittent concentric exercise.
DESIGN: Crossover study.
SETTING: Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Eight elite judo players (age = 18.4 ± 1.4 years, height = 180 ± 3 cm, mass = 77.0 ± 4.2 kg). Intervention(s): Participants completed 3 randomized sessions within 7 days. Each session consisted of 5 sets of 10 concentric knee extensions at 80% PT at 120°/s, with 3 minutes of recovery between sets. Recovery interventions were passive, active, and electromyostimulation. The PT and maximal EMG activity were recorded simultaneously while participants performed isokinetic dynamometer trials before and 3 minutes after the resistance exercise. Main Outcome Measure(s): The PT and maximal EMG activity from the knee extensors were quantified at isokinetic velocities of 60°/s, 120°/s, and 180°/s, with 5 repetitions at each velocity.
RESULTS: The reduction in PT observed after electromyostimulation was less than that seen after passive (P < .001) or active recovery (P < .001). The reduction in PT was less after passive recovery than after active recovery (P < .001). The maximal EMG activity level observed after electromyostimulation was higher than that seen after active recovery (P < .05).
CONCLUSIONS: Electromyostimulation was an effective recovery tool in decreasing neuromuscular fatigue after high-intensity, intermittent isokinetic concentric exercise for the knee extensor muscles. Also, active recovery induced the greatest amount of neuromuscular fatigue.
http://docserver.ingentaconnect.com/deliver/connect/nata/10626050/v46n4/s8.pdf?expires=1317409023&id=64661649&titleid=41000054&accname=Guest+User&checksum=F32C1DAAE1C336CA7B101573E6AEB3C6
segunda-feira, 26 de setembro de 2011
Manutenção dos resultados competitivos no judô
TRACKING 10-YEAR COMPETITIVE WINNING PERFORMANCE OF JUDO ATHLETES ACROSS AGE GROUPS1
URSULA F. JULIO, MONICA Y. TAKITO, LEANDRO MAZZEI, BIANCA MIARKA
School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo
STANISLAW STERKOWICZ
Department of Theory and Methodology of Combat Sports Academy of Physical Education in Krakow
EMERSON FRANCHINI
School of Physical Education and Sport University of São Paulo
Summary
Little information is available concerning early specialization and competitive success in judo across the early training years. Thus, the present objective was to verify the stability of individual competitive performance of a state-level championship for judo athletes who had been previously successful. For this, 406 athletes from six age groups (9 to 20+ years old) of each sex were followed for 10 years. Using recorded data from the São Paulo State Judo Federation beginning in 1999, the scores and standings for these judo players were analyzed. The proportion of medal winners during this period was not constant, differing from the grand mean in all groups of both 204 males and 202 females. At the end of this period, only 7% of the male and 5% of the female athletes had maintained their competitive levels. Successful competitive performance in early judo competition was not associated with success later in adulthood.
URSULA F. JULIO, MONICA Y. TAKITO, LEANDRO MAZZEI, BIANCA MIARKA
School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo
STANISLAW STERKOWICZ
Department of Theory and Methodology of Combat Sports Academy of Physical Education in Krakow
EMERSON FRANCHINI
School of Physical Education and Sport University of São Paulo
Summary
Little information is available concerning early specialization and competitive success in judo across the early training years. Thus, the present objective was to verify the stability of individual competitive performance of a state-level championship for judo athletes who had been previously successful. For this, 406 athletes from six age groups (9 to 20+ years old) of each sex were followed for 10 years. Using recorded data from the São Paulo State Judo Federation beginning in 1999, the scores and standings for these judo players were analyzed. The proportion of medal winners during this period was not constant, differing from the grand mean in all groups of both 204 males and 202 females. At the end of this period, only 7% of the male and 5% of the female athletes had maintained their competitive levels. Successful competitive performance in early judo competition was not associated with success later in adulthood.
sábado, 24 de setembro de 2011
Hidratação em atletas de judô adolescentes
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2011 Aug 30. [Epub ahead of print]
Hydration Status in Adolescent Judo Athletes Before and After Training in the Heat.
Rivera-Brown AM, De Félix-Dávila RA.
Center for Sports Health and Exercise Sciences at the Albergue Olímpico, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Abstract
Adolescent judo athletes that train in tropical climates may be in a persistent state of dehydration because they frequently restrict fluids during daily training sessions to maintain or reduce their body weight and are not given enough opportunities to drink.
PURPOSE: Determine the body hydration status of adolescent judo athletes before (PRE), immediately after (POST), and 24 hours after (24H) a training session and document sweat Na+ loss and symptoms of dehydration.
METHODS: Body mass and urine color and specific gravity (USG) were measured PRE, POST, and 24H after a training session in a high heat stress environment (29.5 ± 1.0°C; 77.7 ± 6.1% RH) in 24 adolescent athletes. Sweat sodium loss was also determined. A comparison was made between mid pubertal (MP) and late pubertal (LP) subjects.
RESULTS: The majority of the subjects started training with a significant level of dehydration. During the training session, MP subjects lost 1.3 ± 0.8% of their pre-training body mass while LP subjects lost 1.9 ± 0.5% (P < 0.05). Sweat sodium concentration was 44.5 ± 23.3 mmol/L. Fluid intake from a water fountain was minimal. Subjects reported symptoms of dehydration during the session which in some cases persisted throughout the night and the next day. The 24H USG was 1.028 ± 0.004 and 1.027 ± 0.005 g/ml for MP and LP, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent judo athletes arrive to practice with a fluid deficit, do not drink enough during training, and experience symptoms of dehydration which may compromise the quality of training and general well being.
Hydration Status in Adolescent Judo Athletes Before and After Training in the Heat.
Rivera-Brown AM, De Félix-Dávila RA.
Center for Sports Health and Exercise Sciences at the Albergue Olímpico, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Abstract
Adolescent judo athletes that train in tropical climates may be in a persistent state of dehydration because they frequently restrict fluids during daily training sessions to maintain or reduce their body weight and are not given enough opportunities to drink.
PURPOSE: Determine the body hydration status of adolescent judo athletes before (PRE), immediately after (POST), and 24 hours after (24H) a training session and document sweat Na+ loss and symptoms of dehydration.
METHODS: Body mass and urine color and specific gravity (USG) were measured PRE, POST, and 24H after a training session in a high heat stress environment (29.5 ± 1.0°C; 77.7 ± 6.1% RH) in 24 adolescent athletes. Sweat sodium loss was also determined. A comparison was made between mid pubertal (MP) and late pubertal (LP) subjects.
RESULTS: The majority of the subjects started training with a significant level of dehydration. During the training session, MP subjects lost 1.3 ± 0.8% of their pre-training body mass while LP subjects lost 1.9 ± 0.5% (P < 0.05). Sweat sodium concentration was 44.5 ± 23.3 mmol/L. Fluid intake from a water fountain was minimal. Subjects reported symptoms of dehydration during the session which in some cases persisted throughout the night and the next day. The 24H USG was 1.028 ± 0.004 and 1.027 ± 0.005 g/ml for MP and LP, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent judo athletes arrive to practice with a fluid deficit, do not drink enough during training, and experience symptoms of dehydration which may compromise the quality of training and general well being.
sábado, 17 de setembro de 2011
Olha que beleza
http://sportv.globo.com/site/programas/sportv-news/noticia/2011/09/olimpiadas-escolares-jovens-usam-plastico-no-corpo-para-perder-peso.html
Medidas simples controlariam facilmente esse problema...
sexta-feira, 16 de setembro de 2011
Semana do TKD no pubmed
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Sep 7. [Epub ahead of print]
Anthropometrical, physiological, and tracked power profiles of elite taekwondo athletes 9 weeks before the Olympic competition phase.
Ball N, Nolan E, Wheeler K.
1Department of Sport Studies, National Institute of Sports Studies, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australia; and 2Strength and Conditioning Department, Australian Institute of Sport, Bruce, Australia.
Abstract
Ball, N, Nolan, E, and Wheeler, K. Anthropometrical, physiological, and tracked power profiles of elite taekwondo athletes 9 weeks before the Olympic competition phase. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-Physiological, anthropometric, and power profiling data were retrospectively analyzed from 4 elite taekwondo athletes from the Australian National Olympic team 9 weeks from Olympic departure. Power profiling data were collected weekly throughout the 9-week period. Anthropometric skinfolds generated a lean mass index (LMI). Physiological tests included a squat jump and bench throw power profile, bleep test, 20-m sprint test, running &OV0312;O2max test, and bench press and squat 3 repetition maximum (3RM) strength tests. After this, the athletes power, velocity, and acceleration profile during unweighted squat jumps and single-leg jumps were tracked using a linear position transducer. Increases in power, velocity, and acceleration between weeks and bilateral comparisons were analyzed. Athletes had an LMI of 37.1 ± 0.4 and were 173.9 ± 0.2 m and 67 ± 1.1 kg. Relatively weaker upper body (56 ± 11.97 kg 3RM bench press) compared to lower body strength (88 ± 2.89 kg 3RM squat) was shown alongside a &OV0312;O2max of 53.29 ml·min·kg, and a 20-m sprint time of 3.37 seconds. Increases in all power variables for single-leg squat and squat jumps were found from the first session to the last. Absolute peak power in single-leg squat jumps increased by 13.4-16% for the left and right legs with a 12.9% increase in squat jump peak power. Allometrically scaled peak power showed greater increases for single-leg (right leg: 18.55%; left: 23.49%) and squat jump (14.49%). The athlete's weight did not change significantly throughout the 9-week mesocycle. Progressions in power increases throughout the weeks were undulating and can be related to the intensity of the prior week's training and athlete injury. This analysis has shown that a 9-week mesocycle before Olympic departure that focuses on core lifts has the ability to improve power considerably.
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Sep 8. [Epub ahead of print]
Impact Force and Time Analysis Influenced by Execution Distance in a Roundhouse Kick to the Head in Taekwondo.
Estevan I, Alvarez O, Falco C, Molina-García J, Castillo I.
1Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; 2Cheste Sport Medicine Center, Valencia Sports Council, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain; 3Department of Music, Plastic and Body Expression University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and 4Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Abstract
Estevan, I, Álvarez, O, Falco, C, Molina-García, J, and Castillo, I. Impact force and time analysis influenced by execution distance in a roundhouse kick to the head in Taekwondo. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-The execution distance is a tactic factor that affects mechanical performance and execution technique in taekwondo. This study analyzes the roundhouse kick to the head by comparing the maximum impact force, execution time, and impact time in 3 distances according to the athletes' competition level. It also analyzes the relationship between impact force and weight in each group. It examines whether the execution distance affects the maximum impact force, execution time, and impact time, in each level group or 2 different competition levels. Participants were 27 male taekwondo players (13 medallists and 14 nonmedallists). The medallists executed the roundhouse kick to the head with greater impact force and in a shorter execution time than did the nonmedallists when they kicked from any distance different to their combat distance. However, the results showed that the execution distance is influential in the execution time and impact time in the nonmedallist group. It is considered appropriate to orientate the high-level competitors to train for offensive actions from any distance similar to the long execution distance because it offers equally effectiveness and a greater security against the opponent. Also, practitioners should focus their training to improve time performance because it is more affected by distance than impact force.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2011 Sep;6(3):344-57.
The activity profile in international taekwondo competition is modulated by weight category.
Bridge CA, Jones MA, Drust B.
Sport and Exercise Research Group, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To examine the activity profiles of elite male competitors during international Taekwondo competition in relation to fin, feather, and heavy weight categories.
METHODS: Twelve male Taekwondo competitors equally representing fin, feather, and heavy weight divisions were studied during the 2005 World Taekwondo Championships using a time-motion system developed to analyze the activities and activity phases. The frequency and duration of activities were recorded and assimilated into four independent activity phases: fighting activity, preparatory activity, nonpreparatory activity and stoppage activity. The total number of exchanges and kicks were also calculated for each combat.
RESULTS: For all weight groupings the mean ± SD fighting time was 1.7 ± 0.3 s, preparatory time 6.4 ± 2.1 s, nonpreparatory time 3.0 ± 0.6 s, referee stoppage time 2.8 ± 0.9 s and 28 ± 6 exchanges and 31 ± 7 kicks were performed. Differences in the mean fighting time (fin: 1.4 ± 0.2 s vs heavy: 1.8 ± 0.3 s; P = .03; effect size [ES] = 1.57), preparatory time (fin: 5.3 ± 1.0 s vs feather: 8.2 ± 2.6 s; P = .03; ES = 1.47) and the total number of exchanges (feather: 24 ± 6 vs heavy: 32 ± 5; P = .03; ES = 1.44) were identified between the weight categories.
CONCLUSIONS: The activity profile in international Taekwondo competition was modulated by competitors' weight category. These findings suggest that conditioning sessions may need to be specialized to the requirements of specific weight categories.
Anthropometrical, physiological, and tracked power profiles of elite taekwondo athletes 9 weeks before the Olympic competition phase.
Ball N, Nolan E, Wheeler K.
1Department of Sport Studies, National Institute of Sports Studies, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australia; and 2Strength and Conditioning Department, Australian Institute of Sport, Bruce, Australia.
Abstract
Ball, N, Nolan, E, and Wheeler, K. Anthropometrical, physiological, and tracked power profiles of elite taekwondo athletes 9 weeks before the Olympic competition phase. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-Physiological, anthropometric, and power profiling data were retrospectively analyzed from 4 elite taekwondo athletes from the Australian National Olympic team 9 weeks from Olympic departure. Power profiling data were collected weekly throughout the 9-week period. Anthropometric skinfolds generated a lean mass index (LMI). Physiological tests included a squat jump and bench throw power profile, bleep test, 20-m sprint test, running &OV0312;O2max test, and bench press and squat 3 repetition maximum (3RM) strength tests. After this, the athletes power, velocity, and acceleration profile during unweighted squat jumps and single-leg jumps were tracked using a linear position transducer. Increases in power, velocity, and acceleration between weeks and bilateral comparisons were analyzed. Athletes had an LMI of 37.1 ± 0.4 and were 173.9 ± 0.2 m and 67 ± 1.1 kg. Relatively weaker upper body (56 ± 11.97 kg 3RM bench press) compared to lower body strength (88 ± 2.89 kg 3RM squat) was shown alongside a &OV0312;O2max of 53.29 ml·min·kg, and a 20-m sprint time of 3.37 seconds. Increases in all power variables for single-leg squat and squat jumps were found from the first session to the last. Absolute peak power in single-leg squat jumps increased by 13.4-16% for the left and right legs with a 12.9% increase in squat jump peak power. Allometrically scaled peak power showed greater increases for single-leg (right leg: 18.55%; left: 23.49%) and squat jump (14.49%). The athlete's weight did not change significantly throughout the 9-week mesocycle. Progressions in power increases throughout the weeks were undulating and can be related to the intensity of the prior week's training and athlete injury. This analysis has shown that a 9-week mesocycle before Olympic departure that focuses on core lifts has the ability to improve power considerably.
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Sep 8. [Epub ahead of print]
Impact Force and Time Analysis Influenced by Execution Distance in a Roundhouse Kick to the Head in Taekwondo.
Estevan I, Alvarez O, Falco C, Molina-García J, Castillo I.
1Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; 2Cheste Sport Medicine Center, Valencia Sports Council, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain; 3Department of Music, Plastic and Body Expression University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and 4Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Abstract
Estevan, I, Álvarez, O, Falco, C, Molina-García, J, and Castillo, I. Impact force and time analysis influenced by execution distance in a roundhouse kick to the head in Taekwondo. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-The execution distance is a tactic factor that affects mechanical performance and execution technique in taekwondo. This study analyzes the roundhouse kick to the head by comparing the maximum impact force, execution time, and impact time in 3 distances according to the athletes' competition level. It also analyzes the relationship between impact force and weight in each group. It examines whether the execution distance affects the maximum impact force, execution time, and impact time, in each level group or 2 different competition levels. Participants were 27 male taekwondo players (13 medallists and 14 nonmedallists). The medallists executed the roundhouse kick to the head with greater impact force and in a shorter execution time than did the nonmedallists when they kicked from any distance different to their combat distance. However, the results showed that the execution distance is influential in the execution time and impact time in the nonmedallist group. It is considered appropriate to orientate the high-level competitors to train for offensive actions from any distance similar to the long execution distance because it offers equally effectiveness and a greater security against the opponent. Also, practitioners should focus their training to improve time performance because it is more affected by distance than impact force.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2011 Sep;6(3):344-57.
The activity profile in international taekwondo competition is modulated by weight category.
Bridge CA, Jones MA, Drust B.
Sport and Exercise Research Group, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To examine the activity profiles of elite male competitors during international Taekwondo competition in relation to fin, feather, and heavy weight categories.
METHODS: Twelve male Taekwondo competitors equally representing fin, feather, and heavy weight divisions were studied during the 2005 World Taekwondo Championships using a time-motion system developed to analyze the activities and activity phases. The frequency and duration of activities were recorded and assimilated into four independent activity phases: fighting activity, preparatory activity, nonpreparatory activity and stoppage activity. The total number of exchanges and kicks were also calculated for each combat.
RESULTS: For all weight groupings the mean ± SD fighting time was 1.7 ± 0.3 s, preparatory time 6.4 ± 2.1 s, nonpreparatory time 3.0 ± 0.6 s, referee stoppage time 2.8 ± 0.9 s and 28 ± 6 exchanges and 31 ± 7 kicks were performed. Differences in the mean fighting time (fin: 1.4 ± 0.2 s vs heavy: 1.8 ± 0.3 s; P = .03; effect size [ES] = 1.57), preparatory time (fin: 5.3 ± 1.0 s vs feather: 8.2 ± 2.6 s; P = .03; ES = 1.47) and the total number of exchanges (feather: 24 ± 6 vs heavy: 32 ± 5; P = .03; ES = 1.44) were identified between the weight categories.
CONCLUSIONS: The activity profile in international Taekwondo competition was modulated by competitors' weight category. These findings suggest that conditioning sessions may need to be specialized to the requirements of specific weight categories.
quarta-feira, 14 de setembro de 2011
História do judô feminino no Japão
Int J Hist Sport. 2011;28(7):1016-029.
Reinterpreting the history of women's judo in Japan.
Miarka B, Marques JB, Franchini E.
University of Säo Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract
This paper reassesses the role of women in judo in Japan, from its secluded and restricted beginnings in the late nineteenth century to the gradual changes in gender and social paradigms triggered by the influence of Western feminist struggle from the 1960s onwards. Judo has been considered in theory an inclusive martial art because its creator, Jigoro Kano, stressed safety, etiquette and moral teachings irrespective of age, size or gender of its adherents. However, the social and cultural environment in Japan has traditionally discriminated against women both outside and inside the dojo (training place). We treat this issue historically, considering the broader context of the Japanese social, political and cultural developments.
Reinterpreting the history of women's judo in Japan.
Miarka B, Marques JB, Franchini E.
University of Säo Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract
This paper reassesses the role of women in judo in Japan, from its secluded and restricted beginnings in the late nineteenth century to the gradual changes in gender and social paradigms triggered by the influence of Western feminist struggle from the 1960s onwards. Judo has been considered in theory an inclusive martial art because its creator, Jigoro Kano, stressed safety, etiquette and moral teachings irrespective of age, size or gender of its adherents. However, the social and cultural environment in Japan has traditionally discriminated against women both outside and inside the dojo (training place). We treat this issue historically, considering the broader context of the Japanese social, political and cultural developments.
terça-feira, 13 de setembro de 2011
Contribuição energética durante o SJFT: centésimo artigo publicado : )
International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, v. 6, n.3, p.334-343, 2011.
Emerson Franchini, Stanislaw Sterkowicz, Urszula Szmatlan-Gabrys, Tomasz Gabrys, Michal Garnys
Energy System Contributions to the Special Judo Fitness Test
Purpose:This study investigated the energy system contributions of judo athletes to the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT). Methods: Fourteen male judo athletes performed the SJFT, which comprised three periods of judo activity (A = 15 s, B and C = 30 s) interspersed with 10 s rest intervals. During this test, one athlete threw two others positioned 6 m from each other using the ippon-seoi-nage technique. The fractions of the aerobic, anaerobic alactic and anaerobic lactic systems were calculated based on oxygen uptake, the fast component of excess postexercise oxygen uptake, and changes in net blood lactate, respectively. The contribution of the three energy systems was compared using a repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test. Compound symmetry, or sphericity, was determined by Mauchly’s test. A level of significance of 5% (P < .05) was adopted in all analyses. Results: The alactic energy system presented a higher (F = 20.9; P < .001; power observed = 1.0) contribution (86.8 ± 23.6 kJ; 42.3 ± 5.9%) during the test when compared with both aerobic (57.1 ± 11.3 kJ; 28.2 ± 2.9%) and lactic (58.9 ± 12.1 kJ; 29.5 ± 6.2%) energy systems (P < .001 for both comparisons). Conclusions: The higher alactic contribution seems to be a consequence of the high-intensity efforts performed during the test, and its intermittent nature. Thus, when using the SJFT, coaches are evaluating mainly their athletes’ anaerobic alactic system, which can be considered to be the most predominant system contributing to the actions (techniques) performed in the match.
Keywords: combat sports, test, evaluation, high-intensity intermittent exercise
Emerson Franchini, Stanislaw Sterkowicz, Urszula Szmatlan-Gabrys, Tomasz Gabrys, Michal Garnys
Energy System Contributions to the Special Judo Fitness Test
Purpose:This study investigated the energy system contributions of judo athletes to the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT). Methods: Fourteen male judo athletes performed the SJFT, which comprised three periods of judo activity (A = 15 s, B and C = 30 s) interspersed with 10 s rest intervals. During this test, one athlete threw two others positioned 6 m from each other using the ippon-seoi-nage technique. The fractions of the aerobic, anaerobic alactic and anaerobic lactic systems were calculated based on oxygen uptake, the fast component of excess postexercise oxygen uptake, and changes in net blood lactate, respectively. The contribution of the three energy systems was compared using a repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test. Compound symmetry, or sphericity, was determined by Mauchly’s test. A level of significance of 5% (P < .05) was adopted in all analyses. Results: The alactic energy system presented a higher (F = 20.9; P < .001; power observed = 1.0) contribution (86.8 ± 23.6 kJ; 42.3 ± 5.9%) during the test when compared with both aerobic (57.1 ± 11.3 kJ; 28.2 ± 2.9%) and lactic (58.9 ± 12.1 kJ; 29.5 ± 6.2%) energy systems (P < .001 for both comparisons). Conclusions: The higher alactic contribution seems to be a consequence of the high-intensity efforts performed during the test, and its intermittent nature. Thus, when using the SJFT, coaches are evaluating mainly their athletes’ anaerobic alactic system, which can be considered to be the most predominant system contributing to the actions (techniques) performed in the match.
Keywords: combat sports, test, evaluation, high-intensity intermittent exercise
segunda-feira, 12 de setembro de 2011
domingo, 11 de setembro de 2011
Participação no judô como forma de aculturação de brasileiros no Japão
Dica do Fabrício:
The Role of Leisure in the Assimilation of Brazilian Immigrants into Japanese Society: Acculturation and Structural Assimilation through Judo Participation
Eiji Ito1, Haruo Nogawa2, Kaoru Kitamura2 and Gordon J. Walker1
1Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta,
E-488 Van Vliet Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H9, Canada
eiji＠ualberta.ca
2Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University,
1-1 Hiragagakuendai, Inzai-shi, Chiba, 2701695, Japan
[Received May 26, 2010; Accepted December 20, 2010; Published online January 20, 2011]
The purpose of this study was to examine how a leisure activity (i.e., judo) aŠected the assimilation of Brazilian immigrants in Japan. Researchers hypothesized that judo participation would aŠect the processes of assimilation, particularly acculturation and structural assimilation. Based on the results of observations, informal interviews, and questionnaires conducted with Brazilian judo participants and their parents as well as the results of formal interviews held with the judo instructors, the hypothesis was conˆrmed. This result suggests that there are multiple ways in which leisure organizations can work with immigrants to help them adjust to a new society. This study contributes to the growing, yet still understudied, area of immigrant leisure esearch, and it provides a unique perspective by examining the experiences of Brazilian immigrants living in Japan.
The Role of Leisure in the Assimilation of Brazilian Immigrants into Japanese Society: Acculturation and Structural Assimilation through Judo Participation
Eiji Ito1, Haruo Nogawa2, Kaoru Kitamura2 and Gordon J. Walker1
1Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta,
E-488 Van Vliet Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H9, Canada
eiji＠ualberta.ca
2Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University,
1-1 Hiragagakuendai, Inzai-shi, Chiba, 2701695, Japan
[Received May 26, 2010; Accepted December 20, 2010; Published online January 20, 2011]
The purpose of this study was to examine how a leisure activity (i.e., judo) aŠected the assimilation of Brazilian immigrants in Japan. Researchers hypothesized that judo participation would aŠect the processes of assimilation, particularly acculturation and structural assimilation. Based on the results of observations, informal interviews, and questionnaires conducted with Brazilian judo participants and their parents as well as the results of formal interviews held with the judo instructors, the hypothesis was conˆrmed. This result suggests that there are multiple ways in which leisure organizations can work with immigrants to help them adjust to a new society. This study contributes to the growing, yet still understudied, area of immigrant leisure esearch, and it provides a unique perspective by examining the experiences of Brazilian immigrants living in Japan.
sexta-feira, 9 de setembro de 2011
Projeto da Bianca entre os 21 melhores na área de Tecnologias da Saúde e Biológicas na Olimpíada USP de inovação
Único trabalho desenvolvido na EEFE aprovado para a segunda fase:
http://www.inovacao.usp.br/olimpiada2011/pdf/resultado_OUI2011.pdf
http://www.inovacao.usp.br/olimpiada2011/pdf/resultado_oui2011_resumo.pdf
Pela aprovação na primeira fase, já ganhamos um MP4 : )
http://www.inovacao.usp.br/olimpiada2011/pdf/resultado_OUI2011.pdf
http://www.inovacao.usp.br/olimpiada2011/pdf/resultado_oui2011_resumo.pdf
Pela aprovação na primeira fase, já ganhamos um MP4 : )
quarta-feira, 7 de setembro de 2011
segunda-feira, 5 de setembro de 2011
Artigos novos na Archives of Budo
Preensão manual em atletas de judô
http://www.archbudo.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=881913
Terminologia em artigos sobre L/AM/MEC
http://www.archbudo.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=881910
http://www.archbudo.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=881913
Terminologia em artigos sobre L/AM/MEC
http://www.archbudo.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=881910
quinta-feira, 1 de setembro de 2011
Capacidades motoras básicas e desempenho de karatekas
Coll Antropol. 2010 Dec;34(4):1341-5.
The impact of basic motor abilities on the specific motoricity performance in elite karateka.
Katić R, Blazević S, Zagorac N.
University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia. ratko.katic@gmail.com
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify motor structures that determine high performance in karate. The study included a group of 85 karateka aged 18-29 years, competing as senior category athletes within the Croatian Karate Society. A battery of 22 motor tests (9 basic motoricity tests and 13 specific motoricity tests) were used. Factor analysis of the basic motor variables pointed to the existence of three significant factors: coordination, explosive strength and movement frequency; whereas factor analysis of the specific motoricity area indicated two significant factors, i.e., factor of technical efficiency and factor of specific agility. Canonical correlation analysis showed the isolated set of basic motor factors to significantly determine both technical efficiency and specific agility-mobility of the karateka, with a predominance of the explosive strength (force) factor, followed by the speed and coordination factors.
The impact of basic motor abilities on the specific motoricity performance in elite karateka.
Katić R, Blazević S, Zagorac N.
University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia. ratko.katic@gmail.com
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify motor structures that determine high performance in karate. The study included a group of 85 karateka aged 18-29 years, competing as senior category athletes within the Croatian Karate Society. A battery of 22 motor tests (9 basic motoricity tests and 13 specific motoricity tests) were used. Factor analysis of the basic motor variables pointed to the existence of three significant factors: coordination, explosive strength and movement frequency; whereas factor analysis of the specific motoricity area indicated two significant factors, i.e., factor of technical efficiency and factor of specific agility. Canonical correlation analysis showed the isolated set of basic motor factors to significantly determine both technical efficiency and specific agility-mobility of the karateka, with a predominance of the explosive strength (force) factor, followed by the speed and coordination factors.
terça-feira, 30 de agosto de 2011
Posicionamento de entidades médicas e científicas sobre a participação de crianças e adolescentes no boxe
Pediatrics. 2011 Aug 28. [Epub ahead of print]
Policy Statement--Boxing Participation by Children and Adolescents.
AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS; COUNCIL ON SPORTS MEDICINE AND FITNESS; CANADIAN PAEDIATRIC SOCIETY; HEALTHY ACTIVE LIVING AND SPORTS MEDICINE COMMITTEE.
Abstract
Thousands of boys and girls younger than 19 years participate in boxing in North America. Although boxing provides benefits for participants, including exercise, self-discipline, and self-confidence, the sport of boxing encourages and rewards deliberate blows to the head and face. Participants in boxing are at risk of head, face, and neck injuries, including chronic and even fatal neurologic injuries. Concussions are one of the most common injuries that occur with boxing. Because of the risk of head and facial injuries, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Canadian Paediatric Society oppose boxing as a sport for children and adolescents. These organizations recommend that physicians vigorously oppose boxing in youth and encourage patients to participate in alternative sports in which intentional head blows are not central to the sport.
Policy Statement--Boxing Participation by Children and Adolescents.
AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS; COUNCIL ON SPORTS MEDICINE AND FITNESS; CANADIAN PAEDIATRIC SOCIETY; HEALTHY ACTIVE LIVING AND SPORTS MEDICINE COMMITTEE.
Abstract
Thousands of boys and girls younger than 19 years participate in boxing in North America. Although boxing provides benefits for participants, including exercise, self-discipline, and self-confidence, the sport of boxing encourages and rewards deliberate blows to the head and face. Participants in boxing are at risk of head, face, and neck injuries, including chronic and even fatal neurologic injuries. Concussions are one of the most common injuries that occur with boxing. Because of the risk of head and facial injuries, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Canadian Paediatric Society oppose boxing as a sport for children and adolescents. These organizations recommend that physicians vigorously oppose boxing in youth and encourage patients to participate in alternative sports in which intentional head blows are not central to the sport.
domingo, 28 de agosto de 2011
Mudanças nos fluídos corporais e na força isométrica máxima em atletas de judô
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Sep;25(9):2488-2495.
Relationship Between Changes in Total-Body Water and Fluid Distribution With Maximal Forearm Strength in Elite Judo Athletes.
Silva AM, Fields DA, Heymsfield SB, Sardinha LB.
1Exercise and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Human Kinetics-Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; 2Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Research Institute's Metabolic Research Program, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and 3Pennington Biomedical Research Foundation, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
Abstract
Silva, AM, Fields, DA, Heymsfield, SB, and Sardinha, LB. Relationship between changes in total-body water and fluid distribution with maximal forearm strength in elite judo athletes. J Strength Cond Res 25(9): 2488-2495, 2011-Among judo athletes, strong grip strength is crucial for performing offensive and defensive maneuvers that rely predominantly on forearm maximal strength (FMS). The study aims were to evaluate changes in total-body water (TBW) and its compartments (extracellular water [ECW] and intracellular water [ICW]) and their relationship with loss of FMS in elite judo athletes. At baseline (weight stability), 27 male elite athletes were evaluated (age: 23.2 ± 2.8 years) and again evaluated 1-3 days before competition. Athletes were free to gain or lose weight based upon their specific competition needs. Using dilution techniques (deuterium and bromide), TBW and ECW were estimated, and ICW was calculated (ICW = TBW - ECW). Fat, fat-free mass, and appendicular lean soft tissue (LST) were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Handgrip was used to assess FMS. Using a reduction of 2% as a representative outcome for decreased FMS, 10 athletes were identified as having lost FMS, whereas 17 changed <2% or gained. Comparison of means and logistic regression analysis were performed. Results from baseline to before competition indicated that those who lost ≥2% of FMS significantly decreased TBW and ICW by -2.7 ± 3.0 and -4.4 ± 4.2%, respectively. The groups differed in ICW changes (-4.4 ± 4.2 vs. 1.9 ± 6.1%), respectively, for those who lost FMS by ≥2%. The ICW changes, but not in TBW or ECW, significantly predicted the risk of losing FMS (β = 0.206; p = 0.027), even adjusting for weight and arm LST changes. These findings indicated that reductions in ICW increased the risk of losing grip strength in elite judo athletes.
Relationship Between Changes in Total-Body Water and Fluid Distribution With Maximal Forearm Strength in Elite Judo Athletes.
Silva AM, Fields DA, Heymsfield SB, Sardinha LB.
1Exercise and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Human Kinetics-Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; 2Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Research Institute's Metabolic Research Program, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and 3Pennington Biomedical Research Foundation, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
Abstract
Silva, AM, Fields, DA, Heymsfield, SB, and Sardinha, LB. Relationship between changes in total-body water and fluid distribution with maximal forearm strength in elite judo athletes. J Strength Cond Res 25(9): 2488-2495, 2011-Among judo athletes, strong grip strength is crucial for performing offensive and defensive maneuvers that rely predominantly on forearm maximal strength (FMS). The study aims were to evaluate changes in total-body water (TBW) and its compartments (extracellular water [ECW] and intracellular water [ICW]) and their relationship with loss of FMS in elite judo athletes. At baseline (weight stability), 27 male elite athletes were evaluated (age: 23.2 ± 2.8 years) and again evaluated 1-3 days before competition. Athletes were free to gain or lose weight based upon their specific competition needs. Using dilution techniques (deuterium and bromide), TBW and ECW were estimated, and ICW was calculated (ICW = TBW - ECW). Fat, fat-free mass, and appendicular lean soft tissue (LST) were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Handgrip was used to assess FMS. Using a reduction of 2% as a representative outcome for decreased FMS, 10 athletes were identified as having lost FMS, whereas 17 changed <2% or gained. Comparison of means and logistic regression analysis were performed. Results from baseline to before competition indicated that those who lost ≥2% of FMS significantly decreased TBW and ICW by -2.7 ± 3.0 and -4.4 ± 4.2%, respectively. The groups differed in ICW changes (-4.4 ± 4.2 vs. 1.9 ± 6.1%), respectively, for those who lost FMS by ≥2%. The ICW changes, but not in TBW or ECW, significantly predicted the risk of losing FMS (β = 0.206; p = 0.027), even adjusting for weight and arm LST changes. These findings indicated that reductions in ICW increased the risk of losing grip strength in elite judo athletes.
Estresse oxidativo em judocas e indivíduos sedentários
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Sep;25(9):2400-2409.
Antioxidant Status and Oxidative Stress at Rest and in Response to Acute Exercise in Judokas and Sedentary Men.
Abed KE, Rebai H, Bloomer RJ, Trabelsi K, Masmoudi L, Zbidi A, Sahnoun Z, Hakim A, Tabka Z.
1Laboratory of Cardio-Circulatory, Respiratory, Metabolic, and Hormonal Adaptations to the Muscular Exercise, Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar, Sousse, Tunisia; 2Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia; and 3Cardiorespiratory/Metabolic Laboratory, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee.
Abstract
El Abed, K, Rebai, H, Bloomer, RJ, Trabelsi, K, Masmoudi, L, Zbidi, A, Sahnoun, Z, Hakim, and A Tabka, Z. Antioxidant status and oxidative stress at rest and in response to acute exercise in judokas and sedentary men. J Strength Cond Res 25(9): 2400-2409, 2011. It is well recognized that acute strenuous exercise is accompanied by an increase in free-radical production and subsequent oxidative stress, in addition to changes in blood antioxidant status. Chronic exercise provides protection against exercise-induced oxidative stress by upregulating endogenous antioxidant defense systems. Little is known regarding the protective effect afforded by judo exercise. Therefore, we determined antioxidant and oxidative stress biomarkers at rest and in response to acute exercise in 10 competitive judokas and 10 sedentary subjects after mixed exercise (anaerobic followed by aerobic). The subjects performed a Wingate test, followed by 30 minutes of aerobic exercise performed at 60% of maximal aerobic power. Blood samples were taken, by an intravenous catheter, at rest (R), immediately after the physical exercise (P0), and at 5 (P5), 10 (P10), and 20 (P20) minutes postexercise. The measured parameters included the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, in addition to α-tocopherol, and total antioxidant status. Malondialdehyde was measured as a representation of lipid peroxidation. At rest, the judokas had higher values for all antioxidant and oxidative stress markers as compared to the sedentary subjects (p < 0.05). Plasma concentrations of all parameters except for α-tocopherol increased significantly above resting values for both the judokas and sedentary subjects (p < 0.05) and remained elevated at 20 minutes postexercise. A significant postexercise decrease was observed for α-tocopherol (p < 0.05) at P20 for judokas and at P5 for sedentary subjects. These data indicate that competitive judo athletes have higher endogenous antioxidant protection compared to sedentary subjects. However, both groups of subjects experience an increase in exercise-induced oxidative stress that is not different.
Antioxidant Status and Oxidative Stress at Rest and in Response to Acute Exercise in Judokas and Sedentary Men.
Abed KE, Rebai H, Bloomer RJ, Trabelsi K, Masmoudi L, Zbidi A, Sahnoun Z, Hakim A, Tabka Z.
1Laboratory of Cardio-Circulatory, Respiratory, Metabolic, and Hormonal Adaptations to the Muscular Exercise, Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar, Sousse, Tunisia; 2Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia; and 3Cardiorespiratory/Metabolic Laboratory, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee.
Abstract
El Abed, K, Rebai, H, Bloomer, RJ, Trabelsi, K, Masmoudi, L, Zbidi, A, Sahnoun, Z, Hakim, and A Tabka, Z. Antioxidant status and oxidative stress at rest and in response to acute exercise in judokas and sedentary men. J Strength Cond Res 25(9): 2400-2409, 2011. It is well recognized that acute strenuous exercise is accompanied by an increase in free-radical production and subsequent oxidative stress, in addition to changes in blood antioxidant status. Chronic exercise provides protection against exercise-induced oxidative stress by upregulating endogenous antioxidant defense systems. Little is known regarding the protective effect afforded by judo exercise. Therefore, we determined antioxidant and oxidative stress biomarkers at rest and in response to acute exercise in 10 competitive judokas and 10 sedentary subjects after mixed exercise (anaerobic followed by aerobic). The subjects performed a Wingate test, followed by 30 minutes of aerobic exercise performed at 60% of maximal aerobic power. Blood samples were taken, by an intravenous catheter, at rest (R), immediately after the physical exercise (P0), and at 5 (P5), 10 (P10), and 20 (P20) minutes postexercise. The measured parameters included the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, in addition to α-tocopherol, and total antioxidant status. Malondialdehyde was measured as a representation of lipid peroxidation. At rest, the judokas had higher values for all antioxidant and oxidative stress markers as compared to the sedentary subjects (p < 0.05). Plasma concentrations of all parameters except for α-tocopherol increased significantly above resting values for both the judokas and sedentary subjects (p < 0.05) and remained elevated at 20 minutes postexercise. A significant postexercise decrease was observed for α-tocopherol (p < 0.05) at P20 for judokas and at P5 for sedentary subjects. These data indicate that competitive judo athletes have higher endogenous antioxidant protection compared to sedentary subjects. However, both groups of subjects experience an increase in exercise-induced oxidative stress that is not different.
sábado, 27 de agosto de 2011
segunda-feira, 22 de agosto de 2011
Artigo na Science indica uso de artes marciais para melhoria da função executiva de crianças
Science. 2011 Aug 19;333(6045):959-64.
Interventions shown to aid executive function development in children 4 to 12 years old.
Diamond A, Lee K.
SourceUniversity of British Columbia and Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada. adele.diamond@ubc.ca
Abstract
To be successful takes creativity, flexibility, self-control, and discipline. Central to all those are executive functions, including mentally playing with ideas, giving a considered rather than an impulsive response, and staying focused. Diverse activities have been shown to improve children's executive functions: computerized training, noncomputerized games, aerobics, martial arts, yoga, mindfulness, and school curricula. All successful programs involve repeated practice and progressively increase the challenge to executive functions. Children with worse executive functions benefit most from these activities; thus, early executive-function training may avert widening achievement gaps later. To improve executive functions, focusing narrowly on them may not be as effective as also addressing emotional and social development (as do curricula that improve executive functions) and physical development (shown by positive effects of aerobics, martial arts, and yoga).
Interventions shown to aid executive function development in children 4 to 12 years old.
Diamond A, Lee K.
SourceUniversity of British Columbia and Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada. adele.diamond@ubc.ca
Abstract
To be successful takes creativity, flexibility, self-control, and discipline. Central to all those are executive functions, including mentally playing with ideas, giving a considered rather than an impulsive response, and staying focused. Diverse activities have been shown to improve children's executive functions: computerized training, noncomputerized games, aerobics, martial arts, yoga, mindfulness, and school curricula. All successful programs involve repeated practice and progressively increase the challenge to executive functions. Children with worse executive functions benefit most from these activities; thus, early executive-function training may avert widening achievement gaps later. To improve executive functions, focusing narrowly on them may not be as effective as also addressing emotional and social development (as do curricula that improve executive functions) and physical development (shown by positive effects of aerobics, martial arts, and yoga).
Perda de peso e uso de suplementos entre wrestlers iranianos
Patterns of weight loss and supplement consumption of male wrestlers in Tehran
Ramin Kordi1*, Vahid Ziaee1, Mohsen Rostami1, William A Wallace2
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the weight loss behavior of male wrestlers in Tehran
Methods: This study was a population-based cross sectional survey. Subjects were 436 wrestlers randomly selected from the wrestling clubs in Tehran employing cluster sample setting method. Subjects were interviewed based on a designed questionnaire. Body fat levels were measured based on skin fold measurements.
Results: Weight loss methods practiced by 62% of all subjects during the previous year employing rapid (≤7 days before the matches) and gradual (>7 days before the matches) weight reduction methods (73% and 34% of wrestlers who reduced their weight respectively). In addition, opinions on weight reduction, the methods of weight loss used, and the side effects of the weight loss practices as well as consumption of supplements among the subjects were reported in this study. The mean percentage of body fat of subjects was 15.9%. Conclusions: Rapid weight loss for matches and the use of unsafe methods of weight reduction such as fasting, and fluid reduction methods as well as acute side effects of weight loss were prevalent among wrestlers in Tehran. Some preventive measures including education and new rules such as scheduling weigh-ins immediately prior to the competitions and mat-side weigh-in are needed to prevent these unhealthy practices. The weight loss behaviors of these wrestlers should be changed from using dehydration methods to using gradual methods of weight loss.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/c48727205u116275/fulltext.pdf
Ramin Kordi1*, Vahid Ziaee1, Mohsen Rostami1, William A Wallace2
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the weight loss behavior of male wrestlers in Tehran
Methods: This study was a population-based cross sectional survey. Subjects were 436 wrestlers randomly selected from the wrestling clubs in Tehran employing cluster sample setting method. Subjects were interviewed based on a designed questionnaire. Body fat levels were measured based on skin fold measurements.
Results: Weight loss methods practiced by 62% of all subjects during the previous year employing rapid (≤7 days before the matches) and gradual (>7 days before the matches) weight reduction methods (73% and 34% of wrestlers who reduced their weight respectively). In addition, opinions on weight reduction, the methods of weight loss used, and the side effects of the weight loss practices as well as consumption of supplements among the subjects were reported in this study. The mean percentage of body fat of subjects was 15.9%. Conclusions: Rapid weight loss for matches and the use of unsafe methods of weight reduction such as fasting, and fluid reduction methods as well as acute side effects of weight loss were prevalent among wrestlers in Tehran. Some preventive measures including education and new rules such as scheduling weigh-ins immediately prior to the competitions and mat-side weigh-in are needed to prevent these unhealthy practices. The weight loss behaviors of these wrestlers should be changed from using dehydration methods to using gradual methods of weight loss.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/c48727205u116275/fulltext.pdf
sábado, 20 de agosto de 2011
sexta-feira, 19 de agosto de 2011
EMG em boxeadoras
Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi. 2011 May;27(2):253-6.
Women boxing athletes' EMG of upper limbs and lumbar muscles in the training of air striking of straight punch
[Article in Chinese]
Zhang RH, Kang ZX.
Department of Human Sports Science, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, China. rhzhang75@yahoo.com.cn
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study training effect of upper limbs and lumbar muscles in the proceed of air striking of straight punch by analyzing boxing athletes' changes of electromyogram (EMG).
METHODS: We measured EMG of ten women boxing athletes' upper arm biceps (contractor muscle), upper arm triceps (antagonistic muscle), forearm flexor muscle (contractor muscle), forearm extensor muscle (antagonistic muscle), and lumbar muscles by ME6000 (Mega Electronics Ltd.). The stipulated exercise was to do air striking of straight punch with loads of 2.5 kg of dumbbell in the hand until exhausted.
RESULTS: In the proceed of exercise-induce exhausted, the descend magnitude and speed of median frequency (MF) in upper limb antagonistic muscle exceeded to contracting muscle, moreover, the work percentage showed that contractor have done a larger percentage of work than antagonistic muscle. Compared with world champion's EMG, the majority of ordinary athletes' lumbar muscles MF revealed non-drop tendency, and the work percentage showed that lumbar muscles had a very little percentage of work.
CONCLUSION: After comparing the EMG test index in upper limb and lumbar muscle of average boxing athletes with that of the world champion, we find the testees lack of the training of upper limb antagonistic muscle and lumbar muscle, and more trainings aimed at these muscles need to be taken.
Women boxing athletes' EMG of upper limbs and lumbar muscles in the training of air striking of straight punch
[Article in Chinese]
Zhang RH, Kang ZX.
Department of Human Sports Science, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, China. rhzhang75@yahoo.com.cn
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study training effect of upper limbs and lumbar muscles in the proceed of air striking of straight punch by analyzing boxing athletes' changes of electromyogram (EMG).
METHODS: We measured EMG of ten women boxing athletes' upper arm biceps (contractor muscle), upper arm triceps (antagonistic muscle), forearm flexor muscle (contractor muscle), forearm extensor muscle (antagonistic muscle), and lumbar muscles by ME6000 (Mega Electronics Ltd.). The stipulated exercise was to do air striking of straight punch with loads of 2.5 kg of dumbbell in the hand until exhausted.
RESULTS: In the proceed of exercise-induce exhausted, the descend magnitude and speed of median frequency (MF) in upper limb antagonistic muscle exceeded to contracting muscle, moreover, the work percentage showed that contractor have done a larger percentage of work than antagonistic muscle. Compared with world champion's EMG, the majority of ordinary athletes' lumbar muscles MF revealed non-drop tendency, and the work percentage showed that lumbar muscles had a very little percentage of work.
CONCLUSION: After comparing the EMG test index in upper limb and lumbar muscle of average boxing athletes with that of the world champion, we find the testees lack of the training of upper limb antagonistic muscle and lumbar muscle, and more trainings aimed at these muscles need to be taken.
Mínima massa corporal de atletas de luta olímpica
Ann Nutr Metab. 2011 Aug 12;58(3):245-249. [Epub ahead of print]
Validity of the Current NCAA Minimum Weight Protocol: A Brief Review.
Loenneke JP, Wilson JM, Barnes JT, Pujol TJ.
Department of Health and Exercise Science, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla., USA.
Abstract
Historically, collegiate wrestlers have been associated with utilizing rapid weight loss methods to reach a desired weight class. Following three deaths in 1997, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) implemented a program which prevents wrestlers from wrestling below a minimum weight (MW) of 5% body fat. Although numerous studies have investigated adolescent wrestlers, few have investigated collegiate wrestlers using the methods outlined by the NCAA. The purpose of this review paper is to outline potential problems with the current NCAA protocol as well as critique studies investigating the validity of methods to assess MW.
Validity of the Current NCAA Minimum Weight Protocol: A Brief Review.
Loenneke JP, Wilson JM, Barnes JT, Pujol TJ.
Department of Health and Exercise Science, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla., USA.
Abstract
Historically, collegiate wrestlers have been associated with utilizing rapid weight loss methods to reach a desired weight class. Following three deaths in 1997, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) implemented a program which prevents wrestlers from wrestling below a minimum weight (MW) of 5% body fat. Although numerous studies have investigated adolescent wrestlers, few have investigated collegiate wrestlers using the methods outlined by the NCAA. The purpose of this review paper is to outline potential problems with the current NCAA protocol as well as critique studies investigating the validity of methods to assess MW.
Concussão e MMA
J Neurol Sci. 2011 Aug 15. [Epub ahead of print]
The King-Devick test and sports-related concussion: Study of a rapid visual screening tool in a collegiate cohort.
Galetta KM, Brandes LE, Maki K, Dziemianowicz MS, Laudano E, Allen M, Lawler K, Sennett B, Wiebe D, Devick S, Messner LV, Galetta SL, Balcer LJ.
Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Concussion, defined as an impulse blow to the head or body resulting in transient neurologic signs or symptoms, has received increasing attention in sports at all levels. The King-Devick (K-D) test is based on the time to perform rapid number naming and captures eye movements and other correlates of suboptimal brain function. In a study of boxers and mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters, the K-D test was shown to have high degrees of test-retest and inter-rater reliability and to be an accurate method for rapidly identifying boxers and mixed martial arts fighters with concussion. We performed a study of the K-D test as a rapid sideline screening tool in collegiate athletes to determine the effect of concussion on K-D scores compared to a pre-season baseline.
METHODS: In this longitudinal study, athletes from the University of Pennsylvania varsity football, sprint football, and women's and men's soccer and basketball teams underwent baseline K-D testing prior to the start of the 2010-11 playing season. Post-season testing was also performed. For athletes who had concussions during the season, K-D testing was administered immediately on the sidelines and changes in score from baseline were determined.
RESULTS: Among 219 athletes tested at baseline, post-season K-D scores were lower (better) than the best pre-season scores (35.1 vs. 37.9s, P=0.03, Wilcoxon signed-rank test), reflecting mild learning effects in the absence of concussion. For the 10 athletes who had concussions, K-D testing on the sidelines showed significant worsening from baseline (46.9 vs. 37.0s, P=0.009), with all except one athlete demonstrating worsening from baseline (median 5.9s).
CONCLUSION: This study of collegiate athletes provides initial evidence in support of the K-D test as a strong candidate rapid sideline visual screening tool for concussion. Data show worsening of scores following concussion, and ongoing follow-up in this study with additional concussion events and different athlete populations will further examine the effectiveness of the K-D test.
The King-Devick test and sports-related concussion: Study of a rapid visual screening tool in a collegiate cohort.
Galetta KM, Brandes LE, Maki K, Dziemianowicz MS, Laudano E, Allen M, Lawler K, Sennett B, Wiebe D, Devick S, Messner LV, Galetta SL, Balcer LJ.
Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Concussion, defined as an impulse blow to the head or body resulting in transient neurologic signs or symptoms, has received increasing attention in sports at all levels. The King-Devick (K-D) test is based on the time to perform rapid number naming and captures eye movements and other correlates of suboptimal brain function. In a study of boxers and mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters, the K-D test was shown to have high degrees of test-retest and inter-rater reliability and to be an accurate method for rapidly identifying boxers and mixed martial arts fighters with concussion. We performed a study of the K-D test as a rapid sideline screening tool in collegiate athletes to determine the effect of concussion on K-D scores compared to a pre-season baseline.
METHODS: In this longitudinal study, athletes from the University of Pennsylvania varsity football, sprint football, and women's and men's soccer and basketball teams underwent baseline K-D testing prior to the start of the 2010-11 playing season. Post-season testing was also performed. For athletes who had concussions during the season, K-D testing was administered immediately on the sidelines and changes in score from baseline were determined.
RESULTS: Among 219 athletes tested at baseline, post-season K-D scores were lower (better) than the best pre-season scores (35.1 vs. 37.9s, P=0.03, Wilcoxon signed-rank test), reflecting mild learning effects in the absence of concussion. For the 10 athletes who had concussions, K-D testing on the sidelines showed significant worsening from baseline (46.9 vs. 37.0s, P=0.009), with all except one athlete demonstrating worsening from baseline (median 5.9s).
CONCLUSION: This study of collegiate athletes provides initial evidence in support of the K-D test as a strong candidate rapid sideline visual screening tool for concussion. Data show worsening of scores following concussion, and ongoing follow-up in this study with additional concussion events and different athlete populations will further examine the effectiveness of the K-D test.
Treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade aplicado a lutadores de wrestling
Embora o protocolo adicional não seja específico, o estudo é interessante.
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Aug 16. [Epub ahead of print]
Physiological and Performance Changes From The Addition of a Sprint Interval Program to Wrestling Training.
Farzad B, Gharakhanlou R, Agha-Alinejad H, Curby DG, Bayati M, Bahraminejad M, Mäestu J.
Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, School of Humanity Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; 2Overtime School of Wrestling, Naperville, Illinois; 3Physical Fitness Assessment and Improvement Center, National Olympic and Paralympic Academy, Tehran, Iran; and 4Institute of Sport Pedagogy and Coaching Sciences, Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Abstract
Farzad, B, Gharakhanlou, R, Agha-Alinejad, H, Curby, DG, Bayati, M, Bahraminejad, M, and Mäestu, J. Physiological and performance changes from the addition of a sprint-interval program to wrestling training. J Strength Cond Res 25(9): 2392-2399, 2011-Increasing the level of physical fitness for competition is the primary goal of any conditioning program for wrestlers. Wrestlers often need to peak for competitions several times over an annual training cycle. Additionally, the scheduling of these competitions does not always match an ideal periodization plan and may require a modified training program to achieve a high level of competitive fitness in a short-time frame. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 4 weeks of sprint-interval training (SIT) program, on selected aerobic and anaerobic performance indices, and hormonal and hematological adaptations, when added to the traditional Iranian training of wrestlers in their preseason phase. Fifteen trained wrestlers were assigned to either an experimental (EXP) or a control (CON) group. Both groups followed a traditional preparation phase consisting of learning and drilling technique, live wrestling and weight training for 4 weeks. In addition, the EXP group performed a running-based SIT protocol. The SIT consisted of 6 35-m sprints at maximum effort with a 10-second recovery between each sprint. The SIT protocol was performed in 2 sessions per week, for the 4 weeks of the study. Before and after the 4-week training program, pre and posttesting was performed on each subject on the following: a graded exercise test (GXT) to determine VO2max, the velocity associated with VO2max (νVO2max), maximal ventilation, and peak oxygen pulse; a time to exhaustion test (Tmax) at their νVO2max; and 4 successive Wingate tests with a 4-minute recovery between each trial for the determination of peak and mean power output (PPO, MPO). Resting blood samples were also collected at the beginning of each pre and posttesting period, before and after the 4-week training program. The EXP group showed significant improvements in VO2max (+5.4%), peak oxygen pulse (+7.7%) and Tmax (+32.2%) compared with pretesting. The EXP group produced significant increases in PPO and MPO during the Wingate testing compared with pretesting (p < 0.05). After the 4-week training program, total testosterone and the total testosterone/cortisol ratio increased significantly in the EXP group, whereas cortisol tended to decrease (p = 0.06). The current findings indicate that the addition of an SIT program with short recovery can improve both aerobic and anaerobic performances in trained wrestlers during the preseason phase. The hormonal changes seen suggest training-induced anabolic adaptations.
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Aug 16. [Epub ahead of print]
Physiological and Performance Changes From The Addition of a Sprint Interval Program to Wrestling Training.
Farzad B, Gharakhanlou R, Agha-Alinejad H, Curby DG, Bayati M, Bahraminejad M, Mäestu J.
Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, School of Humanity Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; 2Overtime School of Wrestling, Naperville, Illinois; 3Physical Fitness Assessment and Improvement Center, National Olympic and Paralympic Academy, Tehran, Iran; and 4Institute of Sport Pedagogy and Coaching Sciences, Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Abstract
Farzad, B, Gharakhanlou, R, Agha-Alinejad, H, Curby, DG, Bayati, M, Bahraminejad, M, and Mäestu, J. Physiological and performance changes from the addition of a sprint-interval program to wrestling training. J Strength Cond Res 25(9): 2392-2399, 2011-Increasing the level of physical fitness for competition is the primary goal of any conditioning program for wrestlers. Wrestlers often need to peak for competitions several times over an annual training cycle. Additionally, the scheduling of these competitions does not always match an ideal periodization plan and may require a modified training program to achieve a high level of competitive fitness in a short-time frame. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 4 weeks of sprint-interval training (SIT) program, on selected aerobic and anaerobic performance indices, and hormonal and hematological adaptations, when added to the traditional Iranian training of wrestlers in their preseason phase. Fifteen trained wrestlers were assigned to either an experimental (EXP) or a control (CON) group. Both groups followed a traditional preparation phase consisting of learning and drilling technique, live wrestling and weight training for 4 weeks. In addition, the EXP group performed a running-based SIT protocol. The SIT consisted of 6 35-m sprints at maximum effort with a 10-second recovery between each sprint. The SIT protocol was performed in 2 sessions per week, for the 4 weeks of the study. Before and after the 4-week training program, pre and posttesting was performed on each subject on the following: a graded exercise test (GXT) to determine VO2max, the velocity associated with VO2max (νVO2max), maximal ventilation, and peak oxygen pulse; a time to exhaustion test (Tmax) at their νVO2max; and 4 successive Wingate tests with a 4-minute recovery between each trial for the determination of peak and mean power output (PPO, MPO). Resting blood samples were also collected at the beginning of each pre and posttesting period, before and after the 4-week training program. The EXP group showed significant improvements in VO2max (+5.4%), peak oxygen pulse (+7.7%) and Tmax (+32.2%) compared with pretesting. The EXP group produced significant increases in PPO and MPO during the Wingate testing compared with pretesting (p < 0.05). After the 4-week training program, total testosterone and the total testosterone/cortisol ratio increased significantly in the EXP group, whereas cortisol tended to decrease (p = 0.06). The current findings indicate that the addition of an SIT program with short recovery can improve both aerobic and anaerobic performances in trained wrestlers during the preseason phase. The hormonal changes seen suggest training-induced anabolic adaptations.
quinta-feira, 18 de agosto de 2011
quarta-feira, 17 de agosto de 2011
terça-feira, 16 de agosto de 2011
segunda-feira, 15 de agosto de 2011
MMA: significados
Social and Cultural Geography
Volume 12, Issue 4, June 2011, Pages 378-396
It hurts so it is real: Sensing the seduction of mixed martial arts
Green, K.
Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 909 Social Sciences, 267 19th Ave S, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
Abstract
This paper explores the seduction of pain within the increasingly popular practice of mixed martial arts. It is based on a three-year ethnographic study of training schools in Minnesota. Within these sites, often-affluent men train their bodies in combat skills, learning to strike and grapple, while building a community around the shared exchange of pain. The drive is often explained with a variation of the statement: 'I do this because you don't know who you are ... you don't feel aliv ... until you get hit.' This paper contributes to the growing body of geographic literature centered on practice and affect. Within this approach, there has been little appreciation of physical and violent encounters. Appreciation of the role of pain shifts focus to the moment when the body retreats in upon itself, becoming a united mass of flesh and nerves. I suggest that pain attracts participants through serving three purposes within these fightbased schools: (1) it provides confidence that the experience is 'real'; (2) it is itself an avenue to encounter the body as a united 'self' with clear limits and boundaries; (3) it establishes intimacy between participants, which is necessary for the formation of community within each site.
Volume 12, Issue 4, June 2011, Pages 378-396
It hurts so it is real: Sensing the seduction of mixed martial arts
Green, K.
Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 909 Social Sciences, 267 19th Ave S, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
Abstract
This paper explores the seduction of pain within the increasingly popular practice of mixed martial arts. It is based on a three-year ethnographic study of training schools in Minnesota. Within these sites, often-affluent men train their bodies in combat skills, learning to strike and grapple, while building a community around the shared exchange of pain. The drive is often explained with a variation of the statement: 'I do this because you don't know who you are ... you don't feel aliv ... until you get hit.' This paper contributes to the growing body of geographic literature centered on practice and affect. Within this approach, there has been little appreciation of physical and violent encounters. Appreciation of the role of pain shifts focus to the moment when the body retreats in upon itself, becoming a united mass of flesh and nerves. I suggest that pain attracts participants through serving three purposes within these fightbased schools: (1) it provides confidence that the experience is 'real'; (2) it is itself an avenue to encounter the body as a united 'self' with clear limits and boundaries; (3) it establishes intimacy between participants, which is necessary for the formation of community within each site.
Estrutura temporal de lutas de judô para cegos
J Sports Sci. 2011 Aug 11. [Epub ahead of print]
The temporal structure of judo bouts in visually impaired men and women.
Gutiérrez-Santiago A, Prieto I, Camerino O, Anguera T.
Faculty of Education and Sport , University of Vigo , Pontevedra , Spain.
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the temporal structure of judo bouts in visually impaired men and women (n = 117 judokas in the senior category; 92 men and 25 women). We developed a data recording system based on the temporal parameters of judo and applied it to a broad sample of international bouts (n = 219; 184 between men and 35 between women). The descriptive analysis of frequency of occurrence revealed that most of the bouts ended before the time-up bell sounded (81% men/74% women). Other defining features are shown in the following mean values (for men/women): the total bout time was 266/242 s; the total time paused was 158/172 s; the total time spent in standing combat was 82/54 s (P = 0.008), while that of floor combat was 60/84 s (P = 0.021); each bout had 6.9/5.7 paused sequences with a duration of 19.6/21.1 s, and 12.4/11.7 active sequences with a duration of 22/19.7 s. The sequential analysis by means of T-patterns (THEME) confirmed that the temporal structure of judo is not the same for men and women, thereby highlighting the need for a range of training methods matched to the needs of visually impaired competitors.
The temporal structure of judo bouts in visually impaired men and women.
Gutiérrez-Santiago A, Prieto I, Camerino O, Anguera T.
Faculty of Education and Sport , University of Vigo , Pontevedra , Spain.
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the temporal structure of judo bouts in visually impaired men and women (n = 117 judokas in the senior category; 92 men and 25 women). We developed a data recording system based on the temporal parameters of judo and applied it to a broad sample of international bouts (n = 219; 184 between men and 35 between women). The descriptive analysis of frequency of occurrence revealed that most of the bouts ended before the time-up bell sounded (81% men/74% women). Other defining features are shown in the following mean values (for men/women): the total bout time was 266/242 s; the total time paused was 158/172 s; the total time spent in standing combat was 82/54 s (P = 0.008), while that of floor combat was 60/84 s (P = 0.021); each bout had 6.9/5.7 paused sequences with a duration of 19.6/21.1 s, and 12.4/11.7 active sequences with a duration of 22/19.7 s. The sequential analysis by means of T-patterns (THEME) confirmed that the temporal structure of judo is not the same for men and women, thereby highlighting the need for a range of training methods matched to the needs of visually impaired competitors.
terça-feira, 9 de agosto de 2011
terça-feira, 2 de agosto de 2011
Prática de TKD e desenvolvimento do equilíbrio e de funções sensoriais
J Sci Med Sport. 2011 Jul 27. [Epub ahead of print]
Taekwondo training speeds up the development of balance and sensory functions in young adolescents.
Fong SS, Fu SN, Ng GY.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong (SAR), China.
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed (1) to identify the developmental status of balance and sensory functions in young adolescents as compared to adults and, (2) to explore the effect of Taekwondo (TKD) training on the development of balance and sensory systems in young adolescents. Design: Cross-sectional controlled trial. Methods: Sixty-six participants including 42 adolescents (21 TKD practitioners, 21 non-TKD practitioners) and 24 adults were tested. The sway velocity of centre of gravity was recorded during standing on the non-dominant leg on a Smart Equitest(®) system. The somatosensory, vestibular and visual ratios were also measured with the machine. Results: Adult participants swayed slower than both TKD and non-TKD adolescent groups during single leg stance with eyes open (p=0.007 and p<0.001, respectively). The TKD adolescent group, in turn, swayed slower than the non-TKD adolescent group (p<0.001). Adult participants had better visual ratio than both TKD and non-TKD adolescents (p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) while there was no difference between the TKD and non-TKD adolescents (p=0.164). For the vestibular ratio, there was no significant difference between adult participants and TKD adolescents (p=0.432). Adolescents who did not practice TKD showed significantly lower vestibular ratio than TKD adolescents and adults (p=0.003 and p<0.001, respectively). In addition, there was no significant difference in the somatosensory ratio among the 3 participant groups (p=0.711). Conclusions: Participation in TKD appears to speed up the development of postural control and vestibular function in adolescents. Clinicians might advocate TKD exercise as a therapeutic intervention for young people with balance or vestibular dysfunctions.
Taekwondo training speeds up the development of balance and sensory functions in young adolescents.
Fong SS, Fu SN, Ng GY.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong (SAR), China.
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed (1) to identify the developmental status of balance and sensory functions in young adolescents as compared to adults and, (2) to explore the effect of Taekwondo (TKD) training on the development of balance and sensory systems in young adolescents. Design: Cross-sectional controlled trial. Methods: Sixty-six participants including 42 adolescents (21 TKD practitioners, 21 non-TKD practitioners) and 24 adults were tested. The sway velocity of centre of gravity was recorded during standing on the non-dominant leg on a Smart Equitest(®) system. The somatosensory, vestibular and visual ratios were also measured with the machine. Results: Adult participants swayed slower than both TKD and non-TKD adolescent groups during single leg stance with eyes open (p=0.007 and p<0.001, respectively). The TKD adolescent group, in turn, swayed slower than the non-TKD adolescent group (p<0.001). Adult participants had better visual ratio than both TKD and non-TKD adolescents (p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) while there was no difference between the TKD and non-TKD adolescents (p=0.164). For the vestibular ratio, there was no significant difference between adult participants and TKD adolescents (p=0.432). Adolescents who did not practice TKD showed significantly lower vestibular ratio than TKD adolescents and adults (p=0.003 and p<0.001, respectively). In addition, there was no significant difference in the somatosensory ratio among the 3 participant groups (p=0.711). Conclusions: Participation in TKD appears to speed up the development of postural control and vestibular function in adolescents. Clinicians might advocate TKD exercise as a therapeutic intervention for young people with balance or vestibular dysfunctions.
segunda-feira, 1 de agosto de 2011
sexta-feira, 29 de julho de 2011
Reuniões do 2o semestre de 2011
Local: sala 66 da EEFE-USP
Horário: 13:30-15:20h
Cronograma
05/08 – Reunião inicial e direcionamento de atividades durante o semestre
19/08 - Participação no Simpósio dos alunos de pós-graduação da EEFE-USP (a partir das 15h)
02/09 – Defesa de mestrado do Fábio Campos. Leitura recomendada: Campos FA, Bertuzzi R, Dourado AC, Santos VG, Franchini E. Energy demands in taekwondo athletes during combat simulation. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Jul 17. [Epub ahead of print]
16/09 – Apresentação de projetos de pesquisa dos candidatos do grupo ao ingresso no mestrado da EEFE (15 min cada): Diego Morine; Jonatas Ferreira da Silva Santos; Paula Avakian
30/09 – CANCELADA Apresentação do projeto de doutorado da Ursula Ferreira Julio
14/10 – CANCELADA Defesa de dissertação ou ensaio do Mário Miranda
28/10 – CANCELADA Relato de participação no International Technical Scientific Conference on Combat Sport (Itália)
04/11 – CANCELADA Defesa de dissertação ou ensaio do Juliano Schwartz
18/11 – Barbas Ioannis; Fatouros Ioannis G.; Douroudos Ioannis I.; et al. Physiological and performance adaptations of elite Greco-Roman wrestlers during a one-day tournament EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY Volume: 111 Issue: 7 Pages: 1421-1436 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-010-1761-7 Published: JUL 2011. Responsável pela apresentação do artigo: Leonardo Vidal Andreato
02/12 – Encerramento e análise de 2011
Horário: 13:30-15:20h
Cronograma
05/08 – Reunião inicial e direcionamento de atividades durante o semestre
19/08 - Participação no Simpósio dos alunos de pós-graduação da EEFE-USP (a partir das 15h)
02/09 – Defesa de mestrado do Fábio Campos. Leitura recomendada: Campos FA, Bertuzzi R, Dourado AC, Santos VG, Franchini E. Energy demands in taekwondo athletes during combat simulation. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Jul 17. [Epub ahead of print]
16/09 – Apresentação de projetos de pesquisa dos candidatos do grupo ao ingresso no mestrado da EEFE (15 min cada): Diego Morine; Jonatas Ferreira da Silva Santos; Paula Avakian
30/09 – CANCELADA Apresentação do projeto de doutorado da Ursula Ferreira Julio
14/10 – CANCELADA Defesa de dissertação ou ensaio do Mário Miranda
28/10 – CANCELADA Relato de participação no International Technical Scientific Conference on Combat Sport (Itália)
04/11 – CANCELADA Defesa de dissertação ou ensaio do Juliano Schwartz
18/11 – Barbas Ioannis; Fatouros Ioannis G.; Douroudos Ioannis I.; et al. Physiological and performance adaptations of elite Greco-Roman wrestlers during a one-day tournament EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY Volume: 111 Issue: 7 Pages: 1421-1436 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-010-1761-7 Published: JUL 2011. Responsável pela apresentação do artigo: Leonardo Vidal Andreato
02/12 – Encerramento e análise de 2011
terça-feira, 26 de julho de 2011
Artigo de validação do programa desenvolvido pela Bianca
Objectivity of FRAMI-Software for Judo Match Analysis
Miarka, Bianca; Hayashida, Carlos Roberto; Julio, Ursula Ferreira; Calmet, Michel; Franchini, Emerson
International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, Volume 11, Number 2, August 2011 , pp. 254-266(13)
Abstract:
The use of technology can greatly improve performance analysis in sport. The purpose of this paper is to present objectivity measures from the computer software for judo matches, called FRAMI. In order to verify objectivity measures, 573 matches of two different levels of championships (regional and state matches) were taped. Next, the data was assessed through intra and inter-observer testing procedures. In inter-observer comparison, the first expert selected 10 combats in a randomized form and had analyzed 20 athletes' performances, the second expert analyzed the same 20 athletes and the third expert analyzed the same 20 athletes. After this procedure, the last expert analyzed the same sample two more times for intra-observer testing. The following groups of match variables were considered: time structure; penalties; execution, orientation and scores of attack techniques, and; gripping types. In order to verify concordance, means were compared and a quartile criteria of the confidence interval was established by φ ≥ 0.70, where concordance was classified as strong (q ≤ 30%), moderate (30% < q ≤ 60%) or weak (q > 60%). The computer program showed a strong concordance between and within the evaluators' comparisons, from a total of 42 criteria, since their replies were almost totally identical (86.11% are strong or absolute). Variables with weak classification will be grouped for better results. In conclusion, this software can clarify the understanding of technical and tactical judo match analysis with very good accuracy.
Miarka, Bianca; Hayashida, Carlos Roberto; Julio, Ursula Ferreira; Calmet, Michel; Franchini, Emerson
International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, Volume 11, Number 2, August 2011 , pp. 254-266(13)
Abstract:
The use of technology can greatly improve performance analysis in sport. The purpose of this paper is to present objectivity measures from the computer software for judo matches, called FRAMI. In order to verify objectivity measures, 573 matches of two different levels of championships (regional and state matches) were taped. Next, the data was assessed through intra and inter-observer testing procedures. In inter-observer comparison, the first expert selected 10 combats in a randomized form and had analyzed 20 athletes' performances, the second expert analyzed the same 20 athletes and the third expert analyzed the same 20 athletes. After this procedure, the last expert analyzed the same sample two more times for intra-observer testing. The following groups of match variables were considered: time structure; penalties; execution, orientation and scores of attack techniques, and; gripping types. In order to verify concordance, means were compared and a quartile criteria of the confidence interval was established by φ ≥ 0.70, where concordance was classified as strong (q ≤ 30%), moderate (30% < q ≤ 60%) or weak (q > 60%). The computer program showed a strong concordance between and within the evaluators' comparisons, from a total of 42 criteria, since their replies were almost totally identical (86.11% are strong or absolute). Variables with weak classification will be grouped for better results. In conclusion, this software can clarify the understanding of technical and tactical judo match analysis with very good accuracy.
Artigo sobre aspectos fisiológicos do karate
Revista da Educação Física/UEM, Vol. 22, No 1 (2011)
Avaliação e comparação das respostas da percepção subjetiva de esforço e concentração de lactato em uma competição oficial de karate
Vinicius Milanez, Manoel Lima, Luiz Perandini, Cassio Gonçalves, Emerson Franchini
Resumo
Diversos indicadores fisiológicos podem ser usados para estimar a intensidade do esforço, tais como frequência cardíaca (FC), consumo de oxigênio (VO2), concentração de lactato ([Lac]) e percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE). O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar e comparar as respostas da PSE e da [Lac] em uma competição oficial de caratê. Sete atletas participaram de uma competição interestadual, na qual foram mensuradas as variáveis [Lac] e a PSE mediante duas escalas, Borg 6-20 (PSE6-20) e CR-10 (PSECR-10), para estimar a intensidade do esforço. Os valores médios ± desvios padrão encontrados foram: pico de [Lac] = 7,6 ± 1,4 mM, PSE6-20 = 12 ± 3 e PSECR-10 = 3 ± 1. Foram encontradas correlação forte entre PSECR-10 e [Lac]pico (r = 0,82) e correlação moderada entre PSE6-20 e [Lac]pico (r = 0,62). Com base nos resultados observou-se que ambas as escalas apresentadas em momentos diferentes, podem ser aplicadas de maneira eficiente para mensurar o esforço realizado por caratecas durante a competição.
http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/RevEducFis/article/view/8058/7523
Avaliação e comparação das respostas da percepção subjetiva de esforço e concentração de lactato em uma competição oficial de karate
Vinicius Milanez, Manoel Lima, Luiz Perandini, Cassio Gonçalves, Emerson Franchini
Resumo
Diversos indicadores fisiológicos podem ser usados para estimar a intensidade do esforço, tais como frequência cardíaca (FC), consumo de oxigênio (VO2), concentração de lactato ([Lac]) e percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE). O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar e comparar as respostas da PSE e da [Lac] em uma competição oficial de caratê. Sete atletas participaram de uma competição interestadual, na qual foram mensuradas as variáveis [Lac] e a PSE mediante duas escalas, Borg 6-20 (PSE6-20) e CR-10 (PSECR-10), para estimar a intensidade do esforço. Os valores médios ± desvios padrão encontrados foram: pico de [Lac] = 7,6 ± 1,4 mM, PSE6-20 = 12 ± 3 e PSECR-10 = 3 ± 1. Foram encontradas correlação forte entre PSECR-10 e [Lac]pico (r = 0,82) e correlação moderada entre PSE6-20 e [Lac]pico (r = 0,62). Com base nos resultados observou-se que ambas as escalas apresentadas em momentos diferentes, podem ser aplicadas de maneira eficiente para mensurar o esforço realizado por caratecas durante a competição.
http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/RevEducFis/article/view/8058/7523
segunda-feira, 25 de julho de 2011
Densidade mineral óssea e perda de peso
J Bone Miner Metab. 2011 Jul 20. [Epub ahead of print]
Weight regulation and bone mass: a comparison between professional jockeys, elite amateur boxers, and age, gender and BMI matched controls.
Dolan E, Crabtree N, McGoldrick A, Ashley DT, McCaffrey N, Warrington GD.
School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland, eimeardol@gmail.com.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare bone mass between two groups of jockeys (flat: n = 14; national hunt: n = 16); boxers (n = 14) and age, gender and BMI matched controls (n = 14). All subjects underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning for assessment of bone mass, with measurements made of the total body, vertebra L2-4 and femoral neck. Body composition and the relative contribution of fat and lean mass were extrapolated from the results. Data were analysed in accordance with differences in body composition, in particular, height, lean mass, fat mass and age. Both jockey groups were shown to display lower bone mass than either the boxers or control group at a number of sites including total body bone mineral density (BMD) (1.019 ± 0.06 and 1.17 ± 1.05 vs. 1.26 ± 0.01 and 1.26 ± 0.06 g cm(-2) for flat, national hunt, boxer and control, respectively), total body bone mineral content (BMC) less head, L2-4 BMD and femoral neck BMD and BMC (p < 0.05). Regression analysis revealed that lean mass and height were the primary predictors of total body BMC, although additional group-specific influences were present which reduced bone mass in the flat jockey group and enhanced it in the boxers (R (2) = 0.814). Reduced bone mass in jockeys may be a consequence of reduced energy availability in response to chronic weight restriction and could have particular implications for these athletes in light of the high risk nature of the sport. In contrast, the high intensity, high impact training associated with boxing may have conveyed an osteogenic stimulus on these athletes.
Weight regulation and bone mass: a comparison between professional jockeys, elite amateur boxers, and age, gender and BMI matched controls.
Dolan E, Crabtree N, McGoldrick A, Ashley DT, McCaffrey N, Warrington GD.
School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland, eimeardol@gmail.com.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare bone mass between two groups of jockeys (flat: n = 14; national hunt: n = 16); boxers (n = 14) and age, gender and BMI matched controls (n = 14). All subjects underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning for assessment of bone mass, with measurements made of the total body, vertebra L2-4 and femoral neck. Body composition and the relative contribution of fat and lean mass were extrapolated from the results. Data were analysed in accordance with differences in body composition, in particular, height, lean mass, fat mass and age. Both jockey groups were shown to display lower bone mass than either the boxers or control group at a number of sites including total body bone mineral density (BMD) (1.019 ± 0.06 and 1.17 ± 1.05 vs. 1.26 ± 0.01 and 1.26 ± 0.06 g cm(-2) for flat, national hunt, boxer and control, respectively), total body bone mineral content (BMC) less head, L2-4 BMD and femoral neck BMD and BMC (p < 0.05). Regression analysis revealed that lean mass and height were the primary predictors of total body BMC, although additional group-specific influences were present which reduced bone mass in the flat jockey group and enhanced it in the boxers (R (2) = 0.814). Reduced bone mass in jockeys may be a consequence of reduced energy availability in response to chronic weight restriction and could have particular implications for these athletes in light of the high risk nature of the sport. In contrast, the high intensity, high impact training associated with boxing may have conveyed an osteogenic stimulus on these athletes.
Burn out em treinadores de judô
Assunto interessante, relevante e pouco estudado...
J Occup Health. 2011 Jul 20. [Epub ahead of print]
Burnout among Judo Coaches in Turkey.
Gencay S, Gencay OA.
Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, School of Physical Education and Sport, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University.
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of professional burnout experienced by Turkish judo coaches and to compare possible differences in the three burnout dimensions based on coaching experience in years and satisfaction status of their sport administrators. Methods: The data were obtained by using a three-section questionnaire including a socio demographic data form and the Turkish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory from 65 judo coaches working in the Turkish Judo and Kurash Federation. Results: In the analysis of data, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and one-way ANOVA tests were used. This study showed that judo coaches have medium level burnout experience. The results also showed that there were significant differences in the emotional exhaustion levels of judo coaches based on coaching experience in years and satisfaction status from their sport administrators. Conclusions: Burnout appears to be a problematic issue for judo coaches. When coaches begin to feel emotionally depleted, they distance themselves from athletes, and experience a reduced sense of meaning about their work; it is likely to affect the quality of the athletic experience for both the coach and the athletes.
J Occup Health. 2011 Jul 20. [Epub ahead of print]
Burnout among Judo Coaches in Turkey.
Gencay S, Gencay OA.
Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, School of Physical Education and Sport, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University.
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of professional burnout experienced by Turkish judo coaches and to compare possible differences in the three burnout dimensions based on coaching experience in years and satisfaction status of their sport administrators. Methods: The data were obtained by using a three-section questionnaire including a socio demographic data form and the Turkish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory from 65 judo coaches working in the Turkish Judo and Kurash Federation. Results: In the analysis of data, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and one-way ANOVA tests were used. This study showed that judo coaches have medium level burnout experience. The results also showed that there were significant differences in the emotional exhaustion levels of judo coaches based on coaching experience in years and satisfaction status from their sport administrators. Conclusions: Burnout appears to be a problematic issue for judo coaches. When coaches begin to feel emotionally depleted, they distance themselves from athletes, and experience a reduced sense of meaning about their work; it is likely to affect the quality of the athletic experience for both the coach and the athletes.
quarta-feira, 20 de julho de 2011
Demanda energética no TKD
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Jul 17. [Epub ahead of print]
Energy demands in taekwondo athletes during combat simulation.
Campos FA, Bertuzzi R, Dourado AC, Santos VG, Franchini E.
Martial Arts and Combat Sports Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Mello de Moraes, 65, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate energy system contributions and energy costs in combat situations. The sample consisted of 10 male taekwondo athletes (age: 21 ± 6 years old; height: 176.2 ± 5.3 cm; body mass: 67.2 ± 8.9 kg) who compete at the national or international level. To estimate the energy contributions, and total energy cost of the fights, athletes performed a simulated competition consisting of three 2 min rounds with a 1 min recovery between each round. The combats were filmed to quantify the actual time spent fighting in each round. The contribution of the aerobic (W (AER)), anaerobic alactic (W (PCR)), and anaerobic lactic [Formula: see text] energy systems was estimated through the measurement of oxygen consumption during the activity, the fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, and the change in blood lactate concentration in each round, respectively. The mean ratio of high intensity actions to moments of low intensity (steps and pauses) was ~1:7. The W (AER), W (PCR) and [Formula: see text] system contributions were estimated as 120 ± 22 kJ (66 ± 6%), 54 ± 21 kJ (30 ± 6%), 8.5 kJ (4 ± 2%), respectively. Thus, training sessions should be directed mainly to the improvement of the anaerobic alactic system (responsible by the high-intensity actions), and of the aerobic system (responsible by the recovery process between high-intensity actions).
Energy demands in taekwondo athletes during combat simulation.
Campos FA, Bertuzzi R, Dourado AC, Santos VG, Franchini E.
Martial Arts and Combat Sports Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Mello de Moraes, 65, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate energy system contributions and energy costs in combat situations. The sample consisted of 10 male taekwondo athletes (age: 21 ± 6 years old; height: 176.2 ± 5.3 cm; body mass: 67.2 ± 8.9 kg) who compete at the national or international level. To estimate the energy contributions, and total energy cost of the fights, athletes performed a simulated competition consisting of three 2 min rounds with a 1 min recovery between each round. The combats were filmed to quantify the actual time spent fighting in each round. The contribution of the aerobic (W (AER)), anaerobic alactic (W (PCR)), and anaerobic lactic [Formula: see text] energy systems was estimated through the measurement of oxygen consumption during the activity, the fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, and the change in blood lactate concentration in each round, respectively. The mean ratio of high intensity actions to moments of low intensity (steps and pauses) was ~1:7. The W (AER), W (PCR) and [Formula: see text] system contributions were estimated as 120 ± 22 kJ (66 ± 6%), 54 ± 21 kJ (30 ± 6%), 8.5 kJ (4 ± 2%), respectively. Thus, training sessions should be directed mainly to the improvement of the anaerobic alactic system (responsible by the high-intensity actions), and of the aerobic system (responsible by the recovery process between high-intensity actions).
domingo, 17 de julho de 2011
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