Enquanto isso, em Sichuan...

Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Volume 3, Issue 4, November 2010, Pages 205-219
Effects of martial arts on health status: A systematic review
Bu, B.a b , Haijun, H.d , Yong, L.d , Chaohui, Z.b , Xiaoyuan, Y.a , Singh, M.F.c
a Department of Sports Medicine, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
b Institute of Sports Science, Institute of Public Health and Social Development, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
c The School of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Science, The University of Sydney, NSW 21413, Australia
Abstract
Objective: To systematically summarize the evidence for the effects of martial arts on health and fitness, to show the strengths of different types of martial arts, and to get a more complete picture of the impacts of martial arts on health, and also to provide a basis for future research on martial arts as an exercise prescription in exercise therapy. Method: We searched for "martial arts" "health" and "random" in eight databases (n = 5432). Randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials on the health effects of martial arts were included in the study. Results: The final analysis included 28 papers (one general martial arts, one kung fu, sixteen tai chi, six judo, three karate, and one taekwondo). Among the disciplines of martial arts, tai chi was the most well-studied, followed by judo, karate, and taekwondo. Research topics varied widely, and included health, injuries, competition, morals and psychology, and herbal medicine. Most found positive effects on health. Tai chi is no-contact, low-impact, soft body and mindfulness exercise, which has been widely adopted by elderly people and proven to be a beneficial health promotion exercise. Research on judo, karate, and taekwondo mainly focused on improvements to athletes' competitive abilities, rather than on health effects. We did not find any published randomized controlled trials or controlled clinical trials on aikido, kendo, sumo, kyudo, qi gong, or other disciplines. Discussion and Conclusion: Since martial arts are widely practiced, their effects on physiology, morphology, immunology, and neurology should be further studied in order to help people to select the best discipline or style to accomplish their purposes. This necessitates categorizing and classifying the disciplines and styles according to their effects on different body systems and levels of contact, as well as standardizing evaluation criteria for martial arts. Martial arts as an exercise prescription can then move from an experience-based to an evidence-based treatment.

Artigo sobre os efeitos de exercícios básicos de karate sobre o consumo máximo de oxigênio

Effects of Basic Karate Exercises on Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Sedentary Collegiate Women

Author(s): Yoshimura Y (Yoshimura, Yoshitaka)2, Imamura H (Imamura, Hiroyuki)1
JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE Volume: 56 Issue: 6 Pages: 721-726 Published: DEC 2010
Abstract: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the chronic effects of practicing 30 min of basic karate exercises (BKEs) for 10 weeks on maximal oxygen uptake VO2max) in sedentary collegiate women who had no previous karate experience. The secondary purpose of this study was to investigate physiological responses and intensities of BKEs to examine the intensity of exercise. Nine women practiced 30 min of BKEs, 4 days.week(-1), for 10 weeks. The six other women acted as controls. The 30 min of BKEs consisted of 9 min of stationary basics in a parallel stance (S-Basics I), 12 min of stationary basics in a front stance (S-Basics II), and 9 min of movement basics in the front stance (M-Basics). For S-Basics I, the mean percent of maximum VO-2 reserve (%VO2R) was much lower than the accepted threshold, while the mean percent of maximum heart rate reserve (%HRR) was slightly lower than the accepted threshold for increasing VO2max, i.e., 40% of VO2R or HRR. For S-Basics II, the mean VO2R was marginal, while the mean %HRR was above the accepted threshold for increasing VO2max. The mean %VO2R and % HRR for M-Basics were above the threshold for increasing VO2max. VO2max in both l.min(-1) and ml.kg(-1).min(-1) in the experimental group significantly increased at the end of the 10 weeks of training (from 1.80 +/- 0.30 to 2.00 +/- 0.34 l.min(-1) and 32.3 +/- 4.1 to 36.0 +/- 4.4 ml.kg(-1).min(-1), respectively), while neither value changed significantly in the control group. In conclusion, 30 min of BKEs can reach the minimal threshold level to increase cardiovascular fitness and can improve cardiovascular fitness in sedentary women.